Healthy Sleep Habits, Happy Child Solve Your Child's Sleep Problems SLEEP LESS, LIVE MORE Eat More, Weigh Less: Dr. Dean Ornish's Life Choice Program for Losing Weight Safely While Eating Abundantly Power Sleep : The Revolutionary Program That Prepares Your Mind for Peak Performance Sleeping Through the Night : How Infants, Toddlers, and Their Parents Can Get a Good Night's Sleep The Promise of Sleep: A Pioneer in Sleep Medicine Explores the Vital Connection Between Health, Happiness, and a Good Night's Sleep The Baby Book: Everything You Need to Know About Your Baby from Birth to Age Two (Revised and Updated Edition) The Thyroid Solution : A Mind-Body Program for Beating Depression and Regaining Your Emotional andPhysical Health

• Re: Can't sleep less than 20 ms.
• Maybe in reply to: Dong Liu: "Can't sleep less than 20 ms" .
• > why I can't sleep for 10 ms, I can only sleep at.
• > usleep ( <= 10*1000) will sleep for 20 ms.
• > usleep ( <10*1000 <= 20*1000) will sleep for 30 ms.
• > usleep ( <20*1000 <= 30*1000) will sleep for 40 ms.
• for example with the HZ=400 patch I was unable to sleep for less than.
• for values <3000 , there was no sleep at all, and the RT thread didn't.
•       Hi,       I know Linux on i386 has a timer resolution of 10 ms, but       why I can't sleep for 10 ms, I can only sleep at       interval of  20 , 30, 40. ...       This what happpends       usleep ( <= 10*1000)           will sleep for  20 ms       usleep ( <10*1000 <= 20*1000)  will sleep for  30 ms       usleep ( <20*1000 <= 30*1000)  will sleep for  40 ms       I'm runing 2. ...
• for example with the HZ=400 patch I was unable to sleep for less than .
• for values <3000 , there was no sleep at all, and the RT thread didn't release .
• Maybe in reply to: Dong Liu: "Can't sleep less than 20 ms" .

• Sleep less, live longer? .
• Although it’s a common belief that 8 hours of sleep is required for optimal health, a six-year study of more than one million adults ages 30 to 102 has shown that people who get only 6 to 7 hours a night have a lower death rate. Individuals who sleep 8 hours or more, or less than 4 hours a night, were shown to have a significantly increased death rate compared to those who averaged 6 to 7 hours.
• Although the data indicated the highest mortality rates with long-duration sleep, the study could not explain the causes or reasons for this association.
• , in his sleep lab at UCSD.
• , a UCSD professor of psychiatry who specializes in sleep research, said “we don’t know if long sleep periods lead to death. ...
• 5 hours of sleep a night, can be reassured that this is a safe amount of sleep. From a health standpoint, there is no reason to sleep longer. ...
• The study, which addressed sleep issues as part of the Cancer Prevention Study II (CPSII) of the American Cancer Society, also indicated that participants who reported occasional bouts of insomnia did not have an increased mortality rate, but those individuals who took sleeping pills were more likely to die sooner.
• “Insomnia is not synonymous with short sleep,” the authors said in the article. “Patients commonly complain of insomnia when their sleep durations are well within the range of people without sleep symptoms. ...
• 1 million participants, this was the first large-scale population study of sleep to also take into consideration variables such as age, diet, exercise, previous health problems, and risk factors such as smoking, in comparing longevity among the participants. ...
• Although the study was conducted from 1982-88, the sleep results have not been available until recently due to the length of time required to input and analyze the vast amount and variety of data from the 1. ...
• “Previous sleep studies have indicated that both short- and long-duration sleep had higher mortality rates,” Kripke said. ...
• The figures above indicate hours of sleep for men (left) and women (right). The hazard ratio, the top bar graph, indicates the mortality risk while the bottom graph shows the percentage of subjects associated with the reported number of hours sleep.

• Is there a way to sleep less? .
• Is there any way you've heard of of sleeping less? I'm envious of people who need only four hours a day. ...
• If that's not good enough for you, you might want to pick up a copy of Sleep Less, Live More by Everett Mattlin. He basically suggests trying to sleep more efficiently. The deepest, most restful sleep occurs in the first four hours or so; during the last half of your sack time you're doing a lot of what is thought to be nonessential dreaming, and often you're half-awake anyway. So if you exercise regularly, avoid unnecessary stress, develop regular sleeping habits, and so on, eventually you may get to the point where you can drop off immediately, sleep like a rock for six hours, and awaken refreshed. ...

• Sleep Adjustments .
• Sleep can get pretty disruptive the first few days. Some people will get very little sleep, waking up every hour or not sleeping at all yet not feel tired. Others can sleep 20 hours a day and be exhausted during their waking hours. Whichever way it goes, sleep will adjust itself when you quit and eventually go back to normal. ...
• They had to adjust their sleep around these effects. ...
• Without this chronic abuse, these ex-smokers may find that they can get by on less sleep after they quit smoking, sometimes knocking out hours of what they thought was needed sleep time. Others only minimize sleep by a short time period but it is very obvious when the alarm goes off they can jump out of bed full of energy and ready to go, or sometimes even wake up before the alarm with newfound energy. ...
• There are a smaller number of people who need more sleep when they are ex-smokers. ... Their bodies were crying for sleep but they kept pumping nicotine into their system to override the body’s need. ...
• Anyway, don’t panic by the amount of sleep you get for the first few days. It is not your normal amount of sleep as an ex-smoker, it is your normal amount of sleep while in drug withdrawal. ... Blaming such symptoms of sleep disruption on quitting smoking for a few days in most cases is probably justified, but at longer periods the ex-smoker needs to be more objective and getting a professional medical evaluation is then warranted. ...
• Sleep will eventually settle in to a normal pattern for you as an ex-smoker. ... Whether it turns out to be more sleep or less, you should at least sleep sounder knowing you are no longer under the control of nicotine and no longer posing such deadly risks to yourself by still smoking. To sleep happier because you know you are staying healthier and likely to live longer, always remember all the times you are awake to NEVER TAKE ANOTHER PUFF! .

• Less sleep hastens the onset of ageing .
• EXPRESS NEWS SERVICE   Losing sleep can upset the body's metabolism and possibly hasten the onset of age-related illnesses like diabetes, hypertension and memory loss, researchers said yesterday. Previous studies have shown the harm to mental functioning caused by a loss of sleep, but a team of University of Chicago researchers found the body reacts adversely as well.
• ``We found that the metabolic and endocrine (hormonal system) changes resulting from a significant sleep debt mimic many of the hallmarks of ageing,'' said Eve Van Cauter, who directed the study published in the Lancet, a medical journal. ``We suspect that chronic sleep loss may not only hasten the onset but could also increase the severity of age-related ailments such as diabetes, hypertension, obesity and memory loss,'' she said.

• AN EXTRA HOUR OF SLEEP .
• The modest sleep loss that results from going to bed an hour later than usual can compromise children's alertness and brain functioning, a new study suggests.
• "They highlight the need for parents and professionals to be aware of the consequences of insufficient sleep in children and the potential benefits of sleep extension. ...
• Previous studies of adults have found that sleep deprivation significantly impairs the brain's executive control system, which helps people organize, prioritize and focus on tasks. But few sleep-deprivation studies have focused on children, and those few have tended to examine extreme rather than modest sleep deprivation.
• "The daily struggles between children and their parents usually occur at home and are often limited to modest changes in sleep," Sadeh says. ...
• To help answer this question, Sadeh and colleagues studied the effects of adding or subtracting one hour of sleep on 77 children in fourth and sixth grades. In addition to keeping a log of sleep-related information such as lights-off time and the number of times the kids woke up during the night, each child wore an actigraph, a device on the wrist that detects movement. Information gleaned from the actigraph was used to determine the children's sleep schedule (the time they fell asleep and the duration of sleep) and sleep quality (how many time they woke up during the night and how long they were awake).
• For the first two nights of the five-night study period, the children adhered to their normal sleep pattern, and for the last three nights the children were asked either to extend or reduce their sleep time by one hour. ...
• Children who got an extra hour of sleep actually experienced more night-wakings and a decreased percentage of sleep. Reducing sleep by one hour had the opposite effect: It resulted in decreased night-wakings and an increased percentage of sleep, the researchers found.
• Previous researchers have identified these effects as the body's way of adapting to sleep loss, but in this study, the sleep-deprived children reported significantly higher fatigue ratings in the evening. In addition, their performance on several of the neurobehavioral tests compared unfavorably with the children who received an extra hour of sleep. The sleep-deprived children's performance on the reaction time test suffered, and their performance on the recall and responsiveness tests remained stable, while the children with the extra hour of sleep improved their performance on these tests.
• These findings suggest that "moderate changes in sleep duration have detectable significant effects on children's neuropsychological functioning," Sadeh says. ...

• Sleep Linked to Students' Moods.
• Sleep linked to students' moods .
• A new study that tracked 2,259 students as they moved through middle school found strong links between sleep patterns and moods. ...
• Students who got less sleep were more likely to report signs of depression and a negative self-image, according to the study, which was published in the journal Child Development. ...
• The study also found that as sleep patterns changed, so did emotional states: Students who got more sleep reported improvements, while students who got less were more likely to report problems. Students who got less sleep in sixth grade had worse grades that year, but changes in sleep patterns did not appear to have an effect on performance in seventh and eighth grade. ...
• The girls' average in eighth grade was seven hours 17 minutes, one minute less than the boys' average and down from eight hours in sixth grade. In sixth grade, boys averaged 46 minutes less than girls. ...

• More work, less sleep common in America.
• Petersburg Times, published March 28, 2001 WASHINGTON -- Americans are getting fewer hours of sleep and spending more time at work, resulting in a fatigued society that has less time to devote to family, social activities and sex, a study released Tuesday reported.
• WASHINGTON -- Americans are getting fewer hours of sleep and spending more time at work, resulting in a fatigued society that has less time to devote to family, social activities and sex, a study released Tuesday reported. ...
• The average American gets less than the recommended eight hours of sleep per night, often resulting in drowsiness at work and behind the wheel, the annual National Sleep Foundation poll found. ...
• "Far too many adults still sacrifice sleep, which is unhealthy and counterproductive," said Richard Gelula, the foundation's executive director. "A good night's sleep is a necessity, not a luxury. ...
• "People may be getting enough sleep, but it is (happening) at school, at work and behind the wheel," said foundation vice president James C. ...
• As a result, more than 40 percent of adults say they spend more time at work and less time sleeping than they did five years ago. ...
• "There is a direct relationship between hours worked and its negative impact on sleep," Walsh said. ...
• One-third of the respondents said that, if pressed for time, they would be less likely to give up job-related work than sleep, leisure activities and sex. ...
• Fifty-two percent of those surveyed said they spent less time having sex and attending organized social activities than they did five years ago. ...

• Americans Working More, Sleeping Less .
• Americans are working more and sleeping less. ...
• Sleep Study Findings .
• Sleep Loss & Speech .
• Sleep Quizzes: How Much Do You Know? .
• National Sleep Foundation .
• Lots of good info on sleep & sleep problems .
• The National Sleep Foundation says about 40 percent have trouble staying awake on the job. ...
• Science Specialist Ed Yeates reports on another interesting finding released today by a Utah sleep expert. ...
• It seems logical that someone who is sleep deprived at night will be in a foul mood the following day. The LDS Hospital Sleep Center now has a study proving it, showing sleep disturbances go hand in hand with depression. ...
• There are several reasons why Americans are sleep deprived -- a significant cause is a condition called sleep apnea, in which an obstructed airway at night interferes with sleep. ...
• , LDS HOSPITAL SLEEP CENTER: "WHETHER OR NOT SLEEP APNEA RESULTS IN WHAT WE WOULD CALL A CLINICAL DEPRESSION OR SIMPLY DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IS, I SUPPOSE, THE ISSUE. ...
• While the LDS Hospital study used patients with sleep apnea as a control group, the evidence supports this week's warnings from the National Sleep Foundation. ...
• Sleep deprivation -- whatever the cause -- not only results in fatigue at work and behind the wheel, but mood disorders as well. ...
• Pressures to work longer and harder while taking sleep for granted are creating a national public health crisis. ...

• BBC NEWS    BBC Sport >>   Graphics version >>   Change to World edition >> News Front Page | World | UK | England | N Ireland | Scotland | Wales | Politics | Business | Entertainment | Science/Nature | Technology | Health | Education | Talking Point Health Contents: Medical notes Saturday, 6 July, 2002, 23:36 GMT 00:36 UK Less sleep may cure tiredness.
• But most people believe they need more sleep, not less. ...
• "When I tried to sleep properly each night, about six or seven hours, I could never wake up properly. ...
• New sleep pattern .
• According to Professor Ian Hindmarch, Head of Human Psychopharmacology at the University of Surrey in Guildford: "Many people like to claim they only need very small amounts of sleep. ...
• Former prime minister Margaret Thatcher was famous for requiring little sleep. ...
• "I would need to observe Tracey's sleep patterns to check this was not the case. ...
• " It's up to each individual to find out how much sleep they need and when " .
• And her husband can vouch for her two hours' sleep on alternate nights. ...
• Professor Jim Horne, Director of the Loughborough Sleep Research Unit, Loughborough University, agreed it was true that true that most people underestimate how much they sleep. ...
• "Of course, people can go without sleep for up to three days when under tremendous stress like in military combat. ...
• "Studies have shown however that people who only need very small amounts of sleep often show signs of mania. ...
• "But it's up to each individual to find out how much sleep they need and when," said Professor Hindmarch. ...
• Many scientific studies abound on what is the ideal sleep time. ...
• Exercise at night will make it harder to sleep and depression will increase sleep time. ...
• Tracey believes this could be an explanation for her new sleep routine. ...

• Can't get your 40 winks? Here's what the sleep experts advise. ...
• "I love it when patients tell me this scenario," says sleep psychologist Michael Perlis, PhD, "because I know we can help them. ...
• Many times, say sleep psychologists, people have chronic insomnia because of learned behaviors and patterns that are getting in the way of good sleep. Behavioral sleep medicine specialists like Perlis use a combination of techniques--all standard variants of cognitive behavior therapy that have been well-researched--to help insomnia patients fall asleep faster, wake up less frequently and sleep more efficiently in about six to eight weekly sessions:.
• * Sleep education. Many behaviors that would seem to promote sleep actually deter it. ... However, the protracted time in bed results in sleep that is less efficient and less rejuvenating for the body. ...
• This component is designed to address many negative beliefs and thoughts about sleep that can exacerbate insomnia. ...
• Don't sleep anywhere but in the bedroom. Avoid any activity in bed except sleep and sex.
• * Sleep restriction. To increase a client's sleep efficiency, the therapist curtails the time in bed to the actual amount of time the client sleeps. ... The restriction initially results in even less sleep than before, because she may still be awake for two of the six hours in bed. ... Once her sleep is highly efficient at six hours, the therapist gradually increases the time in bed, resulting in longer, more efficient sleep. ...
• Some therapists also use breathing techniques that simulate the slow, shallow breathing of sleep onset or autogenic training, which focuses on increasing peripheral blood flow.
• Of course, before trying any of these techniques out, it's important to consult a trained sleep medicine specialist. ...

• Sleep: Are You Getting Enough?.
• Sleep is an important aspect of our health and well being.   Many Americans do not get enough sleep or suffer from sleep disorders.   The schedules of most college students tend to exclude adequate amounts of sleep, but this does not have to be the case.   There are many strategies you can use to increase the amount of sleep that you get.   National Sleep Foundation surveys reveal that: .
• 60% of adults report having sleep problems a few nights a week or more .
• At least 40 million Americans suffer from sleep disorders .
• How can I tell if I have a sleep problem? .
• Do you wake frequently during the night or wake up early and find it hard to go back to sleep? .
• Why should I care about how much sleep I get? .
• You can't trick or train your body to need less sleep than what it genetically requires.   Your body cannot be taught to function at the level you desire when you deprive yourself of 1-2 hours of sleep a night. ...
• When we don't get the sleep we need, our bodies build up a sleep "debt".   This lack of sleep leaves us less alert and often more irritable.   We are less able to concentrate and complete simple tasks; and, this debt can place us at risk for accidents caused by excessive drowsiness and lack of attention.   Ultimately, lack of sleep affects a person's quality of life and health.   It is important to discuss your sleep issues with your health care provider. ...

• LESS SLEEP CAN CAUSE WEIGHT GAIN.
• Sleep is as vital and necessary to our survival as air, food and water. Lack of sleep can cause weight gain, there are three hormones that contributing this process and this are: Leptin, Cortisol, and Growth Hormones.
• Sleep comes in five stages which last for about 90 minutes and is repeated in four to five cycles a night. The first four stages are non-REM sleep and the fifth stage is REM sleep. ...
• REM Sleep- or rapid eye movement sleep is when you dream. ...
• Non-REM Sleep- when you are physically restored, Stage one is a state of drowsiness. Stage two is light sleep while stages three and four are deep sleep. These last two stages are also called slow-wave sleep. ... During deep sleep, your body repairs tissues, including the skin. Since older people spend only five percent of the night in deep sleep, this may partly explain why the skin ages. Growth hormone production production reaches its peak during deep sleep, specifically between midnight and 2 a. ...
• This means that their sleep-deprived bodies were not processing carbohydrates properly. ... But in people who are chronically sleep-deprived, this pre-diabetic state could trigger Type-2 diabetes and obesity later in life.
• Home   Cortisol   Less Sleep   Surgically Slim   Physical Activity   Overweight Risk   Food Craving   Safe Dieting   Diet After Surgery   Global Obesity .
• Less Sleep.

• Sleep Problems .
• This information is about sleep problems. It covers what sleep problems are, what can cause them, and how to deal with them.
• Sleep problems include difficulties in falling asleep, staying asleep, and sleeping deeply and restfully. Normally, sleep problems don't last long; but if your problems persist for a month or more, you should talk to your health care provider about them.
• Most sleep problems are not caused by some underlying illness. ...
• Some habits that can interfere with sleep include taking naps, avoiding healthy exercise, and consuming too much food, coffee or alcohol in the hours before bedtime.
• When people are troubled by sleep problems, they sometimes take things to help them sleep. ... Sleeping pills and tranquilizers may actually worsen sleep problems because they disrupt the body's normal sleep patterns. The result is often less restful sleep and morning hangover. ... Some people drink alcohol to make themselves sleepy; but studies indicate that beyond a certain point, alcohol can also interfere with normal sleep patterns and make sleeping less restful. ...
• However, there are several safe, natural things you can do to encourage restful sleep. First remember that different people need different amounts of sleep. As people grow older, they often need less sleep. ...
• To promote sleep, avoid naps in the afternoon or after dinner, because they can interfere with normal sleep patterns and cut down on sleep at night.
• Physical activity and fresh air promote easier, deeper, longer sleep.

• Insomniac mice could shed light on human sleep disorders, Jessa Netting reports.
• A better understanding of sleep disorders comes a step closer with the discovery that mice with a mutation in their Clock gene, like insomniacs, sleep up to two hours less than normal. This is the first time researchers have shown that the gene known to control the timing of rest and activity is also involved in how much sleep an animal gets.
• The findings, reported in the Journal of Neuroscience1, could begin to resolve an old debate over whether or not sleep is independent from the mammalian biological clock or 'circadian rhythm'. It also may serve as a model for human sleep problems, which often precipitate other medical conditions.
• "It could mean that the connection between the Clock gene and sleep is more indirect than we thought. ...
• "There is a tendency to think of a sleep centre that is completely separate from the body clock," but this does not seem to be the case, explains Joseph Takahashi, of Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, a member of the team that carried out the work. ...
• It is not yet clear whether the mutants actually need less sleep or whether, like human insomniacs, they just can't get enough. Unlike humans, Clock mutants don't seem to compensate for sleeping less by sleeping more deeply, which would suggest that they do not miss the missing sleep time.
• The mutants slept one or two hours less than normal mice, depending on whether one or both copies of the gene had the mutation. What they lost was non-REM sleep, the deepest, most restful sleep phase.
• Mutant mice caught up after sleep deprivation tests by increasing their non-REM sleep by only half to a quarter as much as did normal mice. ...
• If there is no consequence to this reduced sleep during wakefulness that indicates a fundamental change in how sleep is regulated, says Mary Carskadon, who studies human sleep and circadian rhythms at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. "The way sleep is regulated has profound effects on our daily behaviour,".
• Looking at how the Clock mutant mice age could give us an interesting model for the hidden effects of truncated sleep and ageing in humans, says another member of the research team, Fred Turek (also of Northwestern University).
• "If you get by on six hours of sleep for a couple of years, you don't die. But recent studies in humans indicate that people who sleep less are predisposed to obesity, diabetes, maybe getting the flu," Turek points out. ...

• Exercise for Good Sleep and Health .
• SLEEP PROBLEMS OFTEN GO UNTREATED. ...
• While a few nights of lost sleep may hardly be noticed, cumulative sleep loss has debilitating and even fatal effects. ... When short on sleep, people tend to overeat and under-exercise. ...
• Plenty of deep, restorative sleep is essential for good health. ... Good sleep is just as important as good nutrition and regular exercise in preventing injury and illness.
• How Much Sleep do I need? .
• Sleep requirements vary from person to person, but experts believe most people need from seven to nine hours a night. You may need more sleep if you are under extra stress or getting sick. You know you are getting enough sleep if you wake up in the morning before the alarm goes off, feel refreshed and rested, and if you are alert throughout the day.
• Do older people need less sleep? .
• While older people don't necessarily need less sleep, sleep patterns do sometimes change with age. Older people tend to sleep less in one stretch, get less of the deeper stages of sleep and awaken more easily. The same factors, such as exercise, that improve sleep quality for younger adults, help older adults sleep better as well.
• While stress is the leading cause of short-term insomnia, sleep difficulties may also be caused by a variety of illnesses, medications or lifestyle factors such as work schedule or caffeine consumption. If sleep problems persist for more than two weeks, consult your doctor to determine what is causing the problem. Sleep problems can persist and worsen over time, so never ignore them. Preventing full-blown sleeping disorders takes less time and energy, and less of a toll on your health, than "curing" them once they have become a "habit".

• Truckers Obtain Less Sleep than is Necessary for Alertness .
• , of The Scripps Research Institute, and colleagues across the country provides scientific evidence that sleep deprivation in a sample of commercial, long-haul truck drivers was pervasive and led to drowsy driving, performance impairment and unintended lapses in attention. The greatest vulnerability to sleep or sleep-like states is in the late night and early morning hours.
• The study, "The Sleep of Long-Haul Truck Drivers," by Merrill M. ...
• , Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University; and Chairman, National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research, "Recent studies comparing performance impairment caused by alcohol and sleep deprivation imply that our roads contain huge vehicles traveling at high rates of speed whose drivers are as impaired as those whose blood alcohol levels exceed the legal limit. With driver fatigue recently judged to be the number one problem in commercial transportation, we must begin to look at the impairment caused by sleep deprivation in the same light as that which is caused by alcohol consumption. ...
• The results of the study indicate that, despite the opportunity to engage in longer periods of sleep, long-haul truck drivers obtained less sleep than is required for alertness on the job and that the greatest vulnerability to unwanted sleep or sleep-like states occurred during the late night and pre-dawn hours, a finding consistent with earlier published data and data on other industries.
• Mitler, "The public needs to understand the forces at work that lead to this level of sleep deprivation, which in turn leads irrevocably to impairment and unintended lapses in attention. ... Further, the effects of lost sleep are compounded over time; they do not lessen. By sleeping about two hours less per day than the estimated sleep needed during the course of the study, the drivers had accumulated at least a ten-hour sleep deficit by the last day. It is also known that too little sleep acts synergistically with circadian influences. ...
• He continued, "It is important to recognize the deleterious synergistic effects of alcohol and other sedatives on alertness in the presence of sleep deprivation or medical conditions known to increase the tendency to fall asleep, such as sleep apnea. Our findings underscore the need to educate workers and schedulers about the importance of adequate sleep with respect to public safety. ...
• Louis, Missouri; and the Sleep Disorders Centre of Metropolitan Toronto, Ontario. ...

• Sleep Is a Basic Human Need.
• Sleep is a natural part of everybody's life, but many people know very little about how important it is, and some even try to get by with little sleep. Sleep is something our bodies need to do; it is not an option. Even though the exact reasons for sleep remain a mystery, we do know that during sleep many of the body's major organ and regulatory systems continue to work actively. ...
• Sleep, like diet and exercise, is important for our minds and bodies to function normally. In fact, sleep appears to be required for survival. Rats deprived of sleep die within two to three weeks, a time frame similar to death due to starvation.
• An internal biological clock regulates the timing for sleep. ...
• Sleepiness due to chronic lack of adequate sleep is a big problem in the United States and affects many children as well as adults. Children and even adolescents need at least 9 hours of sleep each night to do their best. Most adults need approximately 8 hours of sleep each night.
• When we get less sleep (even one hour less) than we need each night, we develop a "sleep debt. " If the sleep debt becomes too great, it can lead to problem sleepiness – sleepiness that occurs when you should be awake and alert, that interferes with daily routine and activities, and reduces your ability to function. Even if you do not feel sleepy, the sleep debt can have a powerful negative effect on your daytime performance, thinking, and mood, and cause you to fall asleep at inappropriate and even dangerous times.
• In addition, lack of sleep can have a negative effect on children's performance in school, on the playground, in extracurricular activities, and in social relationships.
• Inadequate sleep can cause decreases in:.

• INSOMNIACS SLEEP LESS THAN NORMAL, SAYS INSOMNIAC.
• People who suffer from insomnia tend to sleep less than people who don’t have it, according to Wallace Philistiner, author of "Sleeping: The Answer to Your Fatigue. " Philistiner had sleeping problems for years until he realized that more sleep was the answer, and with the help of his wife he came up with strategies to help him go to sleep. ...

• Americans Skimping on Sleep.
• com) – The findings of a new survey by the National Sleep Foundation (NSF) confirm what most of us already know—we’re not getting enough sleep.
• The NSF’s “2001 Sleep in America” poll found that Americans are working more and spending less time sleeping. They are engaging in fewer social and leisure activities, and having sex less often than they did just five years ago. Furthermore, most Americans say they suffer from periodic sleep problems, and when they go to sleep, many sleep alone—even if they are married.
• In its annual survey, the Foundation found that sleep deprivation continues to be widespread in America. Almost two-thirds (63%) of American adults do not get the eight hours of sleep recommended for good health. In fact, nearly one-third (31%) report sleeping less than seven hours each weeknight, though many adults say they try to sleep more on weekends.
• Almost a third of the respondents said they get less sleep today than they did five years ago, and 7 out of 10 say they experience frequent sleep problems, though most have not been diagnosed.
• “The 2001 Sleep in America poll shows good news and bad news,” said Richard Gelula, NSF’s executive director, upon releasing the findings. “The good news is that many Americans say they don’t want to give up any more sleep in spite of their hectic lives. And they would sleep more if they were convinced it would contribute to their quality of life. The bad news is far too many adults still sacrifice sleep, which is unhealthy and counter-productive. ...
• Studies have shown that those who work more, sleep less. ...
• More than half of America’s adults (52%) say they spend less time having sex than they did five years ago. More than one-third (38%) say they have sex less than once a week. ...

• This is a leading Sleep Research Centre in the UK and has a world-wide reputation. One of the two International journals devoted to sleep research, the 'Journal of Sleep Research,' is edited by Professor Jim Horne and run from here. ... The Centre has most of the modern facilities for sleep research, including equipment for the home-recording of sleep electroencephalograms (EEGs), actimetry (body movement-monitoring during sleep), state of the art computer-based systems, and a driving simulator. ...
• Effects of Aircraft Noise on sleep in a cross-section of the population.
• Human sleep loss and sleep function. ...
• How much sleep do we need, and what is the minimum amount? .
• Exercise, heat load and effects on sleep. ...
• Popular Articles on Sleep .
• Insomnia - Tips for good sleep.
• Sleep and its Disorders in Children.
• "WHY WE SLEEP".
• (Course text for Sleep & Biological Rhythms).
• At the Sleep Research Centre.
• (Journal of Sleep Research).
• Sleep.
• (Sleep Homepages).

• Science says less sleep is.
• Science says less sleep is good!.
• Now MSNBC is reporting that science has my back: People who sleep less may live longer. Researchers have found that people who sleep five or six hours a night live longer than those who sleep eight. Take that! Of course, my 3-4 hours a night probably shortens my lifespan tremendously, but still, it's rewarding to see some research suggesting that my inverse-relationship theory about sleep (the less sleep you have, the sharper you are) may not be so far-fetched after all.

• Sleep Research (Download pdf- 34k) .
• WHAT GOES ON WHEN WE'RE ASLEEP? WE DON'T REMEMBER MUCH OF IT, AND WHAT WE DO REMEMBER DOESN'T ALWAYS MAKE SENSE, BUT SLEEP IS CRUCIAL TO OUR HEALTH AND WELL-BEING. RESEARCHERS HAVE A LOT TO LEARN THOUGHOUT IT INCLUDING, WHY WE SLEEP LESS AS WE AGE. ...
• WE SPEND A LOT OF OUR SLEEP TIME DREAMING, WITH BRAIN ACTIVITY THAT CAN BE SEEN BY FOLLOWING E. ...
• SIMPLY PUT, WE NEED SLEEP TO SURVIVE. BELIEVE IT OR NOT RESEARCHERS SAY WE CAN STAY ALIVE LONGER WITHOUT WATER THAN WE CAN WITHOUT SLEEP. SO, WHEN WE LOOK LIKE THIS, WE'RE OBEYING NATURE'S CALL TO SLOW DOWN, TO RECHARGE OUR BATTERIES, TO GET OUR SLEEP.
• "I think that nature is pretty much self-adjusting and I think we pretty much get the amount of sleep we need, when we're not subjected to external pressures. ...
• IRWIN FEINBERG IS A SLEEP RESEARCHER AT UC DAVIS. HIS LATEST PROJECT IS COMPARING THE SLEEP PATTERNS OF THE ELDERLY AND YOUNG ADULTS. ... SPECIFICALLY, HE AND OTHER RESEARCHERS IN THE UC DAVIS SLEEP LAB ARE LOOKING FOR WHAT ARE KNOWN AS DELTA WAVES, THE PERIOD OF SLEEP THAT'S DEEPEST. DEEP SLEEP IS THE MOST RESTFUL STAGE OF SLEEP, AND DISCOVERING WHEN THIS DEEP SLEEP OCCURS AT NIGHT IS CRUCIAL TO UNDERSTANDING HUMAN SLEEP PATTERNS.
• "It seems as though the system is set up to recognize the priority of deep sleep, because when you go to sleep at night, the first amount of sleep you have is generally the deepest stage of sleep, and sleep becomes lighter across the night. ...
• THAT MEANS YOUR FIRST FOUR HOURS OF SLEEP COULD BE THE MOST IMPORTANT, ESPECIALLY IF YOUR SLEEP IS REGULARLY INTERRUPTED OR YOU OFTEN GET UP EARLY.
• IN THIS SLEEP RESEARCH, AGE IS BECOMING A DEFINING FACTOR AS IT IS BECOMING APPARENT THAT YOUNG PEOPLE ARE ABLE TO BETTER REGULATE THEIR QUANTITY OF DEEP SLEEP. THE ELDERLY MAY NOT BE ABLE TO DO THAT, WHICH COULD HELP EXPLAIN WHY THEY SLEEP LESS. ...

• Less than eight hours of sleep good for your health .
• CHICAGO (AP) -- Don't fret if you don't get eight hours of sleep a night -- new research suggests adults live longer if they get six or seven. ...
• It found that those who slept eight hours a night were 12 per cent more likely to die within six years than those who got 61/2 to 71/2 hours of sleep. The increased risk was more than 15 per cent for those who reported getting more than 81/2 hours or less than about four hours nightly. ...
• Sleep experts said the research, though provocative, has several flaws. The study was not actually designed to look at sleep's effect on longevity. It relied on patients' recollections of their sleep habits and did not ask if they took naps. It did not look at the quality of people's sleep or whether they felt drowsy all day. ...
• Phyllis Zee, director of Northwestern Memorial Hospital's sleep disorders centre, said the results probably do not reflect the general population because participants were not randomly selected but were mainly friends and relatives of volunteers for the American Cancer Society, which collected the data as part of a 1982 survey on cancer risks. ...
• Zee said it is possible that participants who got little sleep or slept eight hours or more had medical problems that would explain their increased death rate. ...
• The research neglects strong evidence that there are natural sleep variations, said psychologist Rosalind Cartwright of the sleep disorders center at Rush-Presbyterian-St. ...
• "They couldn't sleep more if you paid them -- because we've tried, and they can't. ...
• She added: "There are natural-born long sleepers, who if they try to shorten their sleep to six hours, they're going to be grumpy. ...
• And even mild sleep deprivation may result in daytime sleepiness and accidents, as Drs. ...

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• com> wrote: > On linux, how do I sleep a process for less than a second through a > program ? > > The sleep function in 'C' allows minimum time of 1 sec. ...
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