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• Search Site Sections => About Us | Consultancy | Training | Software | Publications Site Style Info GBdirect Homepage About GBdirect How to find us Why Leeds? Clients PGP/GPG keys About our website Linux and Open Source Case studies Downloads Exec Overview Jobs Open Source Migration Benefits Analysis References Opinion Pieces Press releases Privacy Statement Technical Briefings Terms and Conditions Leeds Office (National HQ).
• Open Source Migration Guide.
• This document sets out to describe the various routes that organisations can take when migrating towards the use of Open Source Software (OSS). ...
• Descriptions of the benefits of using Open Source software, high-level commercial and strategic issues. ...
• Case studies drawn from a range of industries cross-linked with Open Source component descriptions in part 3. ...
• Background and capability descriptions of specific Open Source components such as Samba, Apache, Linux etc. ...
• Examples of software (not necessarily Open Source) which are widely used and supported by vendors on or in relation to Open Source software components. ...
• The Business Case for Open Source.
• This is a benefit-oriented description of what Open Source provides, including: .
• Background and Capability of Specific Open Source Components.
• There are numerous Open Source Software projects ranging from fundamental infrastructure tools through to specific niche products. The entire internet is supported by open source tools such as BIND and Sendmail, and the vast majority of Internet data originates in and is routed by software derived from (or which still is) Open Source. Not all Open Source projects choose the same licenses, but those listed below all use licences that we consider to be open enough. ...
• Clearly it is impossible to cover all of the thousands of Open Source projects here, our decision is based on general commercial impact. We welcome comments about glaring omissions but our decision is based on our opinion of what is important to business migration to Open Source use.
• This listing forms a representative selection of some of the most relevant Open Source projects. ... Our goal is to provide information about the scope and range of what is available in the Open Source world rather than to enumerate every single project or package, which would require a huge directory and massive maintenance.

• CASPR Embraces Open Source with LibraryNet.
• today announced at the American Library Association Midwinter Conference an update to its library automation product called LibraryNet, which enables library administrators to easily deploy Web based library solutions on a wide range of platforms using industry standard open source components. ...
• Henrik writes: "TheOpenCD project has completed its second CD with high quality Open Source Software for Windows. The mission of TheOpenCD project is to introduce the general computer user to the world of Open Source by making it easily available for Windows users and by presenting it in a professional manner. ... For this version we have expanded the selection of software, while still keeping a tight focus on quality and ease-of-use. ... The CD browser program is much improved from v1 and now we also include a few multimedia demos in addition to the open source texts such as 'Free as in Freedom'. Software appearing on the TheOpenCD v1. ...
• Open Stacks : The open source ILS.
• open-stacks - news - kent sin - 2003/10/27 .
• The program takes MARC file as its source data. Catalog output is one of the core output needed in library software today. Because open source system for libraries as of this date didn't have this kind of feature as most other proprietary library software have today. ... By making this generalized solution, those open source system for libraries mentioned will be able to take advantage from this application because the software is not centered on one library system. ... I wanted to make this application open source because I believe open source developers will put this application above all expensive proprietary software for libraries. ...
• The Library has realized a 50% reduction in TCO and has an open platform positioned for creative new and customized applications and services. ...
• Open Concept's code is free, but our services can be hired to install, customize & develop new modules for this application. ...

• --> Open Source Business Okay, the world basically has Open Source Software down pat. ... But Open Source is far more than that. ... The principles of Open Source (OS) are fundamentally not just sound but brilliant. ... After all it probably won't completely redefine the way software is done, if we're all honest. After all, all software used to be Open Source in the way that it wasn't really closed. "Closed Source" software is a fairly new phenomenon. For me, I can see how the OS mentality could make a difference broadly to our economy and even to capitalism as we know it through 3 'new' (I haven't seen them used much elsewhere) OS intiatives: - Open Source Processes - Open Source Ideas - Open Source Documentation As anyone who knows business knows, process is what will really make or break your business. ... The ideals and ideas and motivating force behind Open Source would be fundamentally revolutionary to process (both business and tech / software) if a way were found for it to work. I've been thinking about this for a year and have been unable to really get a way for people to 'own' this, partially because the Open Source Movement is so fundamentally rebellious in nature and because Process is fundamentally "establishment" in nature. Open Source Ideas are something that has been toyed with off and on. ... At the end of the day I do believe OS will become revolutionary by breaking free of it's Software, as well as it's rebellious, roots and becoming something more.
• Open Source Business.
• Okay, the world basically has Open Source Software down pat. ...
• But Open Source is far more than that. ...
• The principles of Open Source (OS) are fundamentally not just sound but brilliant. ...
• After all it probably won't completely redefine the way software is done, if we're all honest. After all, all software used to be Open Source in the way that it wasn't really closed. "Closed Source" software is a fairly new phenomenon.

• Studie: Open-Source-Software neigt zu weniger Fehlern .
• Damien Challet und Yann Le Du haben am Fachbreich Theoretische Physik der Universität Oxford ein mathematisches Modell entwickelt, um das Verhalten von Software-Fehlern zu untersuchen. ...
• Das Modell unterteilt Software-Projekte in Unterbereiche. ... Bei Open-Source-Software gingen die Briten davon aus, dass die Anwender jede neue Release der Software einsetzen. ...
• Als Ergebnis ihrer Modellierung kommen die Wissenschaflter zu interessanten Schlüssen: Bei gleichen Parametern nähern sich Open-Source-Projekte schneller einem fehlerfreien Zustand an als Closed-Source-Projekte. Freie Software konvergiert sogar bei weniger guten Programmierern hin zu einem fehlerfreien Zustand. An Closed-Source-Projekten muss eine ausreichende Anzahl von Programmierern arbeiten; davon müssen genügend Entwickler fähige Programmierer sein und sie müssen eine genügende Anzahl von Anwendern haben, die Fehler melden. Nur dann kann Closed Source, was Qualität und Zeit für die Entwanzung angeht, mithalten. Bei vorgegebenen Parametern, so die Meinung der beiden Modelleure, ist die Fehlersuche in Open-Source-Software immer schneller als in Projekten ohne frei zugängliche Quelltexte. ...
• Re: Neue Studie: Open-Source Anhänger neigen dazu,unter Realitätsverlust zu leid (Sampaguita 2. ...
• Software AG verkauft SAP SI-Anteile an SAP .

• Beijing Software Testing Center Joins OSDL .
• - March 18, 2004 - Chinese government science and technology group to improve Linux quality and testing as it prepares Chinese software for worldwide markets .
• - March 15, 2004 - The Open Source Development Labs (OSDL), a global consortium dedicated to accelerating the adoption of Linux, today announced that Portlock, a leading storage management solution provider, has joined OSDL and will participate in the Lab's Data Center Linux Working Group. ...
• and TOKYO - March 10, 2004 - The Open Source Development Labs (OSDL), a global consortium dedicated to accelerating the adoption of Linux, today announced that IP Telecom has joined OSDL and will participate in OSDL's Data Center Linux and Carrier Grade Linux working groups to advance Linux in Japan. ...
• BakBone Software Joins OSDL .
• BEAVERTON, OR and BEIJING - January 30, 2004 - Beijing Co-Create Open Source Software Company to contribute to Linux kernel development and promote Linux desktop use in China .
• BEAVERTON, OR and TOKYO - January 28, 2004 - Major software developer and systems integrator to participate in Lab's Data Center Linux and Carrier Grade Linux initiative to advance Linux in Japan .
• BEAVERTON, OR - January 20, 2004 - Leading provider of open source development framework software joins premier Linux advocacy organization and will participate in new Desktop Linux Working Group .
• Called test9, this Linux kernel release is ready for enterprise testing by major systems providers and independent software vendors. ... 6 kernel and the results, along with the source code for the test suites, are available on the Lab's Web site. ...

• Medical software's free future .
• Open collaboration over the internet is changing development methods.
• As computer hardware becomes an ever cheaper commodity with ever increasing power, it is clear that software is the rate limiting step in system development. Software is slippery stuff: its possibilities seem almost limitless, but implementing a system competently is a difficult activity that commands premium rates of pay. ...
• Once a customer is "locked into" proprietary software, its makers can demand premium prices, safe in the knowledge that the client would find it even more expensive to change. ...
• 4 (An operating system, such as Microsoft Windows, is the essential software that runs a computer's basic functions. ) Free software differs from proprietary software in several important respects. Most importantly, its licence (the General Public License (GPL)) encourages free copying, distribution, and modification of the software. 5 There is only one catch: users must make any modifications that they make to the software available to others on the same basis that they received it. This virtuous cycle of development has, over the past decade, created a commonwealth of high quality software. ...
• Free software facilitates the provision of common software components. As well as the saving on licence fees, it allows software engineers to concentrate on the important part of system development: customising components for the organisation that they serve. ...
• It is reliable and secure: source code can be inspected for bugs and security flaws before it is compiled for use. It can be maintained even if the developers who originally produced the software are no longer available. ...
• Free software concepts make particular sense in medicine: although peer review has its problems, medical knowledge is becoming more open, not less,7 and the idea of locking it up in proprietary systems is untenable. ...
• The European Union has already embraced open source: its fifth framework programme (which will fund 3. 6bn Euros of research and development over the next 5-10 years) places a strong emphasis on projects which will yield open source software as one of the outputs. 8 Next week the NHS Information Authority hosts a seminar to consider the implications of the free software movement for its future strategy. If it chooses (as it should) to use and encourage open source development methods throughout the organisation, it will find a host of high quality programmes already under way across the world. ...

• com Power Search for %22open+source%22 found following resources: .
• Find WHAT IS %22open+source%22 in: OneLook   WikiPedia   FolDoc   Britannica   TechWeb   HowStuffWorks   .
• GOVERNMENT: FirstGov   SearchGov   UncleSam   FedStats     Search DISCUSSIONS: Think Tank   UseNet   BoardReader   SHOP & BUY matching: Books   Magazines   Software   Hardware   Electronics   Videos   DVDs   Videogames   Music .
• Try WEB search for %22open+source%22 in: Google   AllTheWeb   WiseNut   Teoma   AskJeeves .
• Try WEB search for %22open+source%22 in: Altavista   Hotbot   Yahoo   MSN   LookSmart   Open Directory   .
• Search for %22open+source%22 in Magazine and Trade Articles .
• Search for %22open+source%22 in Scientific and Academic Journals.

• Open Source Development Network.
• The Open Source Development Network (OSDN) describes itself as a "news, collaboration and distribution community for IT and Open Source development, implementation and innovation. " OSDN is supported by VA Software and dedicated to the Open Source Initiative. It is an attempt to bring together talent to create software that conforms to the GNU license model promoted by the Free Software Foundation. ...

• Open Source Software.
• In July 2002,  UK Government published a new policy on the use of Open Source Software. ...
• Open Source Software Policy Document  (RTF format 2. ...
• Open Source Software Policy Document  (PDF format 76 KB) .
• Open Source Software Policy Document  (HTML format) .
• Open Source Software Policy Document  (Microsoft Word format 376 KB).

• Software.
• The Register » Security » Does open source software enhance security?.
• Analysis There are several reasons why open-source software provides for superior computer and network security, but the computing public seems confused about why this is so.
• It's long been popular to cite the "many eyes" theory, which holds that flaws are discovered and fixed because selfless programmers spend countless hours carefully combing through the source code and alerting the development teams. In this way, we're told, the mere fact that source code is available leads to enhanced security.
• Actually, the people most likely to spend hour after hour reviewing source code are blackhats looking for a novel exploit. Code review is hardly the only way to attack, but it is obviously more difficult with closed-source software. Some attacks against closed-source systems have been discovered through reverse engineering, a tedious and not entirely dependable process; but reversing is difficult, and only a minority of attackers are capable of it. Having the source code at one's disposal is a convenience.
• Open source developers have got to be more careful and security-conscious than their closed-source counterparts. ...
• There is a corresponding disadvantage in closed-source software: obscurity may inconvenience blackhats a bit and help limit the number of potential attackers, but it works only so long as obscurity is maintained. ... Once the code is released, the software becomes an easier target than it once had been; but because it was developed with the assumption that it would not be released, it is likely to be sloppier and easier to exploit than code developed with the assumption that world+dog will be welcome to review it. Closed-source products aren't necessarily inferior; but, human nature being what it is, they often turn out inferior. ...
• Another security advantage in openness is the fact that end users can place more confidence in their applications, utilities and clients when the source code is available for review by anyone who wishes to examine it. ...
• So there are indeed a couple of security virtues in openness itself: knowing that the source has got to be made public encourages good work habits among developers, and malware functions can't be concealed. ...
• One word: modular It's beyond dispute that open source systems are potentially more secure than Windows, but the most important advantages don't come from openness per se. They come instead from the coincidence that open source systems, like Linux and BSD, are modeled on UNIX, which is designed in a more modular fashion than Windows. ...

• The Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search, or GIMPS, is a collaborative project of volunteers, who use Prime 95 and MPrime, special open source software that can be downloaded from the Internet for free, in order to search for Mersenne prime numbers. The project was founded and the prime testing software was written by George Woltman. Scott Kurowski wrote the PrimeNet server that supports the research to demonstrate Entropia distributed computing software, a company he founded in 1997. ...
• Technically the GIMPS software is not open source, since it has a restriction which most open source/free software groups find unacceptable - users must abide by the prize distribution terms. ...

• OPEN SOURCE: LAW & SOFTWARE.
• The Law of Open Source: reveal the code! " dc:creator="rodd" dc:date="2003-07-23T06:40:58-05:00" /> --> July 23, 2003 .
• Posted by rodd at 06:32 AM | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0) --> Will SCO become the spoiler of the open-source software movement? .
• Open source licenses don't work.
• "there's a paradigm shift going on right now, and it's really around both open source and the Internet. ...
• one of the fundamental premises of open source is that the licenses are all conditioned on the act of software distribution, and once you're no longer distributing an application, none of the licenses mean squat.
• Let's stop thinking that that's the core of what matters about open source. ...
• Note: Since I have recently written a book on open source licenses, I'll provide commentary on Tim's points later. ...
• Posted by rodd at 04:47 PM | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0) --> three new security gaps in Windows software.
• Open Source Software Law.

• Open Sources: Voices from the Open Source Revolution .
• The Open Source Definition The Open Source Definition.
• The typical computer user owns lots of software that he bought years ago and no longer uses today. ... The software might have become obsolete. ... He may have bought two or more computers, and doesn't want to pay for a second copy of the software. Whatever the reason, the software that he paid for years ago isn't up to the task today. ...
• What if you had the right to get a free upgrade whenever your software needed it? What if, when you switched from a Mac to a PC, you could switch software versions for free? What if, when the software doesn't work or isn't powerful enough, you can have it improved or even fix it yourself? What if the software was still maintained even if the company that produced it went out of business? What if you could use your software on your office workstation, and your home desktop computer, and your portable laptop, instead of just one computer? You'd probably still be using the software you paid for years ago. These are some of the rights that Open Source gives you. ...
• The Open Source Definition is a bill of rights for the computer user. It defines certain rights that a software license must grant you to be certified as Open Source. Those who don't make their programs Open Source are finding it difficult to compete with those who do, as users gain a new appreciation of rights they always should have had. Programs like the Linux operating system and Netscape's web browser have become extremely popular, displacing other software that has more restrictive licenses. Companies that use open-source software have the advantage of its very rapid development, often by several collaborating companies, and much of it contributed by individuals who simply need an improvement to serve their own needs. ...
• The volunteers who made products like Linux possible are only there, and the companies are only able to cooperate, because of the rights that come with Open Source. ... Those same programmers feel comfortable contributing to Open Source because they are assured of these rights:.
• The right to have access to the software's source code, a necessary preliminary before you can change it. ...

• Collaborative software.
• Collaborative software, also known as groupware, is software that integrates work on a single project by several concurrent users at separated workstations. It was pioneered by Lotus Software with the popular Lotus Notes application running in connection with a Lotus Domino server. Collaborative software becomes more valuable when more people use it and thus Metcalfe's law applies. ...
• An extension of groupware is collaborative media, software that allows several concurrent users to create and manage information in a website. ... Some sites with publicly accessible content based on collaborative software are: WikiWiki, Wikipedia and Everything2. ...
• Software collaborative tools .
• 3 Examples of collaborative software.
• 1 Open source / free software.
• 2 Proprietary software.
• electronic calenders (also called time management software) - schedule events and automatically notify and remind group members .
• Collaborative software can be either web based (such as Wiki usermod or scoop) or desktop systems (such as CVS or RCS). ...
• Examples of collaborative software .
• Open source / free software .
• The Open For Business Project .
• SlashCode software that runs Slashdot .

• FC: More on terrorists using open source software to wreak havoc.
• com Subject: FC: More on terrorists using open source software to wreak havoc Date: Wed, 05 Jun 2002 09:57:53 -0700 --- Date: Wed, 5 Jun 2002 00:23:29 -0700 From: carey <carey@tstonramp. ... com Subject: Re: FC: Terrorists could use open source software to wreak havoc! Declan, I thought this was mildly amusing when I saw it as well. ... com Subject: RE: Quick and curious Our position is as follows: 1: No software is invulnerable. Thus all software inherently has security problems 2: Those with motivations to crack a software for bad reasons, etc. ... com Subject: Re: FC: Terrorists could use open source software to wreak havoc! I just had a browse around the ADTI site and I think the institution suffers a weird form of cognitive dissonance that makes their stance on free software even more hard to reconcile with their mission. ... " How can a monopoly ever be considered preferable to a free and open marketplace, or the contributions of volunteers, freely given, in pursuit of an ideal, such as free software? I just don't get it. ... com Subject: Re: FC: Terrorists could use open source software to wreak havoc! Date: Wed, 05 Jun 2002 10:01:01 -0400 How easily they overlooked the fact that one of the prime characteristics of open-source software is the ability to customize and re-compile a kernel or application (in essence make it proprietary for the individual or institution using the software), closing doors left open in the original source. ... --- Subject: Re: FC: Terrorists could use open source software to wreak havoc! From: Steve Stearns <sterno@bigbrother. ... com Something came to mind recently that ties well into the white paper on open source security risks from the Alexis de Tocqueville Institute. ... Vulnerabilities so substantial that they believe it would be a national security threat to open up certain parts of the source code. What protections exist to keep that information out of terrorist hands? The security presumption in open source is that, yes, there will be bugs, but if everybody can see them, there is a chance for the "good guys" to find and solve those problems before the "bad guys" exploit them.
•   FC: More on terrorists using open source software to wreak havoc.
• The QAZ software steals the employee's password files and emails them to the hacker, allowing him later to log on to Microsoft's computers posing as the authorized employee. ...
• Was it Al Quaeda or some other terrorist organization that read or modified the source? How many other times has this already happened? With this glowing endorsement by a senior MS executive, I see no reason why any MS code would be allowed in any networked computer that contains sensitive information. ...

•  SOFTWARE.
• Tax to open up software policy.
• THE Australian Tax Office will adopt an open-source software policy for the first time, opening its Microsoft-dominated standard operating environment (SOE) to products such as Linux.
• ATO second commissioner Greg Farr said an internal review of open-source software - done in conjunction with the Gartner Group - concluded that the agency should evaluate and use open-source software where appropriate. ...
• Mr Farr told a Senate Estimates hearing last week that the review of the ATO's standard operating environment, carried out as part of the agency's substantial Change Program, would include specific consideration of open-source platforms that were not previously considered. ...
• Among the Gartner Group's key findings were that the ATO should develop an open-source policy and review procurement processes to better enable the evaluation, selection and sharing of open-source software. ...
• "What we have done is the first draft of a policy that recognises there is an increasing maturity of open-source software and we should be starting to fully analyse and make use of open-source software where it is appropriate to do so," Mr Farr said. ...
• Specifically "not recommended or supported" in the SOE are the GNU/Linux open source operating system and the Mozilla open-source browser. ...

• Spirit is your multilingual source for best practice open source news and software for health care. ...
• Spirit is a virtual community and meeting place providing resources and services to help you share information about projects, and participate in open source developments. ...
• French site for the promotion of free software in medicine .
• Hide   More    Software.

• NET (note capitalization) initiative is a Microsoft project to create a new software development platform focused on network transparency, platform independence, and rapid application development. ...
• NET is a software platform, which was released in 2002. It presents a platform-independent target for software development, with many built-in features including Internet integration and features intended to enhance security. It relies fully on the software componentry and component-oriented programming paradigms. ...
• NET is a collection of development environments and software packages that are new versions of existing Microsoft products geared toward the. ...
• The previous software component technology endorsed by Microsoft for large-scale software systems was the Component object model or COM, using COM+ or MTS enhancements for distributed transactional components. ... NET will eventually replace COM as a software component architecture. ...
• This is a calculated risk, but it may encourage standards-compliant implementations, to provide an ongoing bridge for non-Windows software to be converted to Microsoft. ...
• Mono is an open source implementation of the. ...
• Microsoft Rotor, or the Shared Source Common Language Infrastructure is an open source implementation of the. ...
• Ximian's Mono Project, an Open source implementation of the. ...

• WikiEN-l Disinfopedia now open for business .
• Previous message: WikiEN-l Disinfopedia now open for business .
• Next message: WikiEN-l Disinfopedia now open for business .
• org > >The Disinfopedia runs on the same software as Wikipedia >(www. ... org), a successful project to produce a "complete and >accurate open content encyclopedia. " It operates under the "GNU open >document license," which is similar to the "open source" license used >to develop free software such as the Linux computer operating system. ... This approach >works for the same reason that open source software keeps improving: >For every person who makes a malicious or erroneous contribution, >numerous others correct errors and make improvements. ... org<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;The Disinfopedia runs on the same software as Wikipedia<BR>&gt;(www. ... org), a successful project to produce a "complete and<BR>&gt;accurate open content encyclopedia. " It operates under the "GNU open<BR>&gt;document license," which is similar to the "open source" license used<BR>&gt;to develop free software such as the Linux computer operating system. ... This approach<BR>&gt;works for the same reason that open source software keeps improving:<BR>&gt;For every person who makes a malicious or erroneous contribution,<BR>&gt;numerous others correct errors and make improvements. ...
• Previous message: WikiEN-l Disinfopedia now open for business .
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•     software map    .
• Open Source software development website,.
• with the largest repository of Open Source code and applications available on the Internet. ... net provides free services to Open Source developers. ...
• net team picks one outstanding project to highlight the software and personality that drive the Open Source Community! .
• net and what we do for the Open Source community? There are two ways to support the site. ...
• net has helped you in any way, consider giving back to the site so we can continue to enhance the features/mirrors/servers critical to the Open Source Community. ...
• 2) Support Your Favorite Project! Do you use GAIM daily? Does your website depend on AWStats? If you see a "donate" link on a project's summary page, and you use that project regularly, consider supporting that project so that the project admins can spend more time doing what they do best - developing great Open Source software. ...
• SourceForge Enterprise Edition brings the power of SourceForge's award-winning software collaboration environment behind your firewall. ...
• 1 Source, Windows binary, RPM .
• The source archive is ready, and the Win32 installer, along with the newly introduced 'developer' package is also available. ...
• MX4J is an Open Source implementation of the Java Management Extensions technology, for both JSR 3 (JMXTM) and JSR 160 (JMX Remote API). ...
• Powered by SourceForge(tm) collaborative software development tools from VA Software.

• A Linux distribution or GNU/Linux distribution (also called a distro) is a complete UNIX-like operating system: a Linux kernel, a collection of free software (usually parts of the GNU system) and sometimes non-free software created by individuals, groups and organizations from around the world. ...
• Companies such as Red Hat, SuSE and MandrakeSoft, as well as community projects such as Debian and Gentoo Linux, assemble and test the software and provide it as a complete system, more or less ready to install and use. ...
• They embraced Linux for its low cost and for the inclusion of the source code for most or all of the software included. ...
• The Linux kernel and much of the additional software making up a typical Linux distribution is free software; even more of it falls under the somewhat broader definition of open source software. Like all Open Source software (and some Free software), it is distributed by its maintainers in source code form. This allows users to convert the original source code into binary or executable form if they wish (termed compiling). ...
• ) provide the source code of all software but only binaries of a basic kernel, compiler tools (eg, a compiler, make utility and so on), and an installer; the installer compiles all the software specifically for the microarchitecture of the user's machine. ...
• In addition to providing packaged compiled code, most distributions offer tools for installation/removal of packages that are more powerful than simple archiving software. This software is said to be the package management system of the distribution. ...
• Typically these are source-primary installs, though binary packages can be installed in this fashion as well. ...
• src — building the packages from source (often binary packages are provided in parallel on many systems). ...
• Although Linux distributions typically contain much more software than commercial operating systems, it is normal for local administrators to install software not included with the distribution. An example would be a newer version of <some software application> than that supplied with a distribution, or an alternative to that chosen by the distribution (e. ... If the additional software is distributed in source-only form, this approach requires local compilation. However, if additional software is locally added, the 'state' of the local system may fall out of synchronization with the state of the package manager's database. ...
• Since much software must be carefully configured to be useful, to work correctly with other software or to be secure, local administrators will often be obliged to spend time reviewing and reconfiguring assorted software. Some distributions go to considerable lengths to specifically adjust all (or some) of the software they include to their particular distribution (location of particular files and so on), but not all do so. ... Note that such adjustments may be required for a particular site and that it is not, in principle, possible for anyone including a distribution's designer to preconfigure the software provided to meet individual requirements. ...

• Midgard (software).
• Midgard CMS is an Open Source Content management system built on the Midgard Framework. ...
• Since the organization didn't have resources to maintain a large development project by itself, the Open Source model was chosen for creating a community of contributors to the system. ...
• The Midgard core libraries are distributed under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), a license which permits the software to be freely used so long as it is dynamically linked or the user can relink it to new versions of the libraries. ... This licensing scheme qualifies Midgard as Free software developed with an Open Source model. ...

• The Open Source Definition.
• Bruce Perens Treasurer, Open Source Initiative .
• The typical computer user owns lots of software that he bought years ago, and no longer uses today. ... The software might have become obsolete. ... He may have bought two or more computers, and doesn't want to pay for a second copy of the software. Whatever the reason, the software that he paid for years ago isn't up to the task today. ...
• What if you had the right to get a free upgrade whenever your software needed it? What if, when you switched from a Mac to a PC, you could switch software versions for free? What if, when the software doesn't work or isn't powerful enough, you can have it improved or even fix it yourself? What if the software was still maintained even if the company that produced it went out of business? What if you can use your software on your office workstation, and your home desktop computer, and your portable laptop, instead of just one computer? You'd probably still be using the software you paid for years ago. These are some of the rights that Open Source gives you. ...
• The Open Source Definition is a bill of rights for the computer user. It defines certain rights that a software license must grant you to be certified as Open Source. Those who don't make their programs Open Source are finding it difficult to compete with those who do, as users gain a new appreciation of rights they always should have had. Programs like the Linux operating system and Netscape's web browser have become extremely popular, displacing other software with more restrictive licenses. Companies that use Open Source software have the advantage of its very rapid development, often by several collaborating companies, and much of it contributed by individuals who simply need an improvement to serve their own needs. ...
• The volunteers who made products like Linux possible are only there, and the companies are only able to cooperate, because of the rights that come with Open Source. ... Those same programmers feel comfortable contributing to Open Source because they are assured of these rights: .
• The right to have access to the software's source code, a necessary preliminary before you can change it. ...

• Open Software Foundation.
• The Open Software Foundation was formerly an independent unit of what is nowadays joined with the X/Open Company in The Open Group. ...

• Open Directory License.
• The Open Directory License is a license for open content used by the Open Directory Project. It is like many open source licenses, which are used for many types of software and sometimes its corresponding documentation. ...
• The Open Directory License .

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