Writing and Marketing Shareware Handpicked Software for Mac OS X: The Best New Freeware, Shareware, and Commerical Software for Mac OS X Shareware Treasure Chest: Truetype Display Fonts/Book and Disk (Shareware Treasure Chest, No 2) 300 Juegos Shareware para tu PC en CD-ROM: TecTimes Downloads, en Espanol / Spanish Web Wizard's Guide to Freeware and Shareware 300 Juegos Shareware - Con CD ROM The Pc-Sig Encyclopedia of Shareware Top 30 Music Shareware Windows A Walk on the Shareware Side: A Complete Reference about Shareware on the Internet

• The GNU Project was launched in 1984 to develop a complete Unix-like operating system which is free software: the GNU system. ...
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• com Download Check out last week's news roundup, Web-only stories, source documents and other online components of Federal Computer Week's print magazine. ...
• Open minds on open source.
• "PITAC endorses open source software" FCW. ...
• relational database to an open source counterpart, mySQL. ...
• Open-source software is still an unconventional option for most federal agencies, but support is building for its use as many federal agencies enjoy the benefits of fast, low-cost systems such as Linux. ...
• The President's Information Technology Advisory Committee recommended in September that the federal government encourage open-source software as an alternative for software development for high-end computing and allow open-source development efforts to compete on a "level playing field" with proprietary solutions in government procurements. ...
• The PITAC Panel on Open Source Software for High End Computing believes open-source software will give agencies the opportunity to get better software at a lower cost, said Susan Graham, co-chairwoman of the panel. ...
• The NAIS team already was investigating open-source relational database software when Oracle started to restructure its license agreements with NASA in a way that would be cost-prohibitive for the organization, said John Sudderth, senior computer scientist with Computer Sciences Corp. ...
• Faced with software they couldn't afford, Sudderth and his colleagues decided to switch to open source — and found mySQL (www. ...
• Critics of open source say security is a problem because a community of developers with unknown intentions distributes the software. ...
• "There is a long tradition in the Energy Department of the labs sharing source code," said Borchers, who was part of the PITAC panel. ...
• (see story, Page 38), open source should take off, he said. ...
• The problem with open-source code is that it accelerates the learning curve of a cyberterrorist because access to the source code is free and readily available, said Scott Hissam, who leads an open-source research and development project at Carnegie Mellon University's Software Engineering Institute. ...
• Government "should embrace any software technology they can use to get their job done, but don't embrace it blindly," Hissam said. ...
• Open-source software also doesn't fit neatly into traditional federal procurement methods because some license agreements require users to submit modifications to developers for consideration in future releases. If a software change is made that is government-specific, it may not be accepted by the developers and will have to be cut into each new version used by an agency, he said. ...

• Software.
• Software:.
• The Register » Software » Why US gov reps mugged pro open source declaration.
• In the middle of last month a US delegation to an international conference clearly signalled US policy as regards open source by de-fanging a pro open source declaration. The conference, the Asian regional meeting of the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) had been poised to "support" open source software in a closing declaration, but the US government delegation dug its heels in and had it watered down to "encourage. ...
• And you can read the finished version here, where you'll note the key wording is: "Development and deployment of open-source software should be encouraged, as appropriate, as should open standards for ICT networking. " We at El Reg would hazard a guess that debarking as far as "encouraged" would not have been sufficient to secure Uncle Sam's support - but the addition of "as appropriate" sorts that out, leaving plenty of scope for certain software vendors to argue that appropriate scenarios are few and far between.
• IDG's reporter says: "The US opposition was largely perceived to be support for its domestic software companies and in particular Microsoft Corp, said officials from other governments on the sidelines of the conference on Wednesday. " But while this is true enough, and it's clearly a matter of US policy, it's not US policy to mug open source to death.
• The Microsoft-sponsored Initiative for Software Choice* effectively follows and promotes the policies of Microsoft and (we'd guess) the vast majority of commercial software companies as regards open source mandation. They are happy for open source to compete on what they see as a level playing field, but fight any attempts by governments and legislatures to mandate the use of open source. And there's nothing wrong with that, it's a point of view, and if you happen to be a major commercial software company then it's surely perfectly reasonable to object to proposals that would stop you selling to government at all.
• Note, though, that as far as the US government is concerned, the ISC has got to be pushing on an open door here. Sure, US government departments and agencies might use open source, sure, they might think it's a good idea to use more open source, but they're not going to be allowed to promote open source, because The Market should Decide. ...
• If the objectives of the WSIS are to be fulfilled for the developing world, then software has to be affordable, and sufficiently open for developing countries to build their own products, and have derived revenues spent locally, rather than exported to the developed world.
• In supporting rather than just encouraging open source "where appropriate," these delegations were taking on board the need to localise expertise and revenues, and to provide a counter to existing commercial software, which is already established as a standard. Not many people actually pay for Windows in much of Asia, but they sure as hell use it, and in that sense it's difficult for open source to compete unaided. ...

• Open source.
• Open source begrebet dækker over en række software-licenser, der har det til fælles at de giver brugeren af softwaren lov til at .
• anvende software uden restriktioner .
• Ofte misforstår folk Open Source og tror, at der er krav om at de afledte værker også skal frigives som Open Source, hvilket ikke er tilfældet. Dog er der visse open source-licenser som har disse krav, som populært kaldes Copyleft-licenser. ...
• Begrebet Open Source blev skabt som en kommerciel beskrivelse af Free Software, da mange virksomheder havde problemer med begrebet free, som de straks oversatte til gratis selvom meningen er frihed. ...
• Open Source Institute har udarbejdet definitionerne og godkender også licenser efter disse definitioner. ...
• En af de første open source-licenser er GNU General Public License, som er et meget lig den dokumentationslicens Wikipedia bruger GNU Free Documentation License. ...
• Open Source Institute .

• Open source movement.
• The open source movement is an offshoot of the free software movement that advocates open-source software as an alternative label for free software, primarily on pragmatic rather than philosophical grounds. ...
• In contrast with the free software movement, which has always been essentially directed by a single figure (Richard Stallman), the open source movement is "steered" by a loose collegium of elders that includes Raymond, its other co-founders, and such notables as Linus Torvalds, Larry Wall, and Guido van Rossum. ...
• The founders were dissatisfied with what they saw as the "confrontational attitude" of the free software movement, and favored advocating free software exclusively on the grounds of technical superiority (a claim previously made by Raymond in his essay The Cathedral and the Bazaar) It was hoped that "open source" and the associated propaganda would become a more persuasive argument to businesses. ...
• The group adopted the Open Source Definition for open-source software, based on the Debian Free Software Guidelines. They also established the Open Source Initiative (OSI) as a steward organization for the movement. However, they were unsuccessful in their attempt to secure a trademark for "open source", to act as an imprimatur and to prevent misuse of the term. ...
• The early period of the open-source movement coincided with and partly drove the dot-com boom of 1998-2000, and saw a large growth in the popularity of Linux and the formation of many "open-source-friendly" companies. The movement also caught the attention of the mainstream software industry, leading to open-source software offerings by established software companies such as Corel (Corel Linux), Sun Microsystems (StarOffice), and IBM (OpenAFS). By the time the dot-com boom busted in 2001, many of the early hopes of open-source advocates had already borne fruit, and the movement continued from strength to strength in the cost-cutting climate of the 2001-2003 recession. ...
• Relations with the Free Software Movement .
• Since its inception, the open source movement has been a matter of controversy within the hacker community. ...
• Stallman, speaking for the Free Software Foundation (FSF), has criticized the motivation of the open source movement. According to him, the pragmatic focus of the movement distracts users from the central moral issues and the freedoms offered by free software, blurring the distinction with semi-free or wholly proprietary software. Stallman describes the free software and the open source movements as separate "political camps" within the same free-software community, however, and says: We disagree on the basic principles, but agree more or less on the practical recommendations. ...
• Both free-software and open-source advocates have rallied together in times of crisis, such as Microsoft's intense attacks on the GPL in 2001 and the SCO lawsuit attacking the Linux kernel in 2003. ...

• The OpenSSL Project is a collaborative effort to develop a robust, commercial-grade, full-featured, and Open Source toolkit implementing the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL v2/v3) and Transport Layer Security (TLS v1) protocols as well as a full-strength general purpose cryptography library. ...
• This software package uses strong cryptography, so even if it is created, maintained and distributed from liberal countries in Europe (where it is legal to do this), it falls under certain export/import and/or use restrictions in some other parts of the world. ...
• PLEASE REMEMBER THAT EXPORT/IMPORT AND/OR USE OF STRONG CRYPTOGRAPHY SOFTWARE, PROVIDING CRYPTOGRAPHY HOOKS OR EVEN JUST COMMUNICATING TECHNICAL DETAILS ABOUT CRYPTOGRAPHY SOFTWARE IS ILLEGAL IN SOME PARTS OF THE WORLD. SO, WHEN YOU IMPORT THIS PACKAGE TO YOUR COUNTRY, RE-DISTRIBUTE IT FROM THERE OR EVEN JUST EMAIL TECHNICAL SUGGESTIONS OR EVEN SOURCE PATCHES TO THE AUTHOR OR OTHER PEOPLE YOU ARE STRONGLY ADVISED TO PAY CLOSE ATTENTION TO ANY EXPORT/IMPORT AND/OR USE LAWS WHICH APPLY TO YOU. ...
• CREDIT INFORMATION: This product includes cryptographic software written by Eric A. ... This product includes software written by Tim J. ...

• Software.
• We generated UML models for the following open source projects to see if this would prove useful to the developer community. ... com or post a message to the open-source in UML forum. ...
• x browser will allow you to open the diagram in a separate window (right click diagram for menu). ...
• Home | Books | Software | Projects | Forums Comments?.

• UK tests open source waters.
• The decision by the UK Government to pilot the use of open source software is likely to worry Microsoft, as technology analyst Bill Thompson explains. ...
• The OGC has just announced a deal with IBM to trial open source software - programs where the source code is available to users to read, change and even give away to other people - in nine different areas of government. ...
• The trials, under the supervision of the Office of the E-envoy, are intended to measure the effectiveness and cost-benefits of open source software compared with the more usual proprietary systems sold by companies like Microsoft or - as in the recent NHS booking system - SchlumbergerSema. ...
• We can be sure that there will be lots of meetings going on inside Microsoft, because that is just what happened when the German city of Munich decided to use open source software in preference to Windows. ...
• It is also what they did when the preparatory meetings for the World Summit on the Information Society seemed to be endorsing open source over proprietary software as a way of bridging the digital divide, and the result was a very watered down commitment to a level playing field in software procurement. ...
• It is not wrong of Microsoft, or any vendor of closed software, to do this. ...
• However it seems that Microsoft's battle against any form of open source software, and particularly against software that is distributed under the GNU Public Licence or GPL - what is usually called free software - sometimes goes beyond the bounds of acceptable competition. ...
• It should not be forgotten that the UK Government, like the rest of us, is already a major user of open source software, just because so much of the net's infrastructure depends on it .
• Microsoft executives have said the GPL is like a cancer for intellectual property, because the licence requires anyone who incorporates their own program code into GPL software to release the resulting program under the same licence. ...
• They have misrepresented the GPL, and then claimed that their own program to let major clients see the source code of Windows amounts to the same sort of openness. ...
• Microsoft is worried about open source, so the OGC trial will be a major concern inside the company. ...
• If it shows that open source software is reliable, cost-effective and secure, as I believe it will, then it will be used both to support open source projects in the UK and to endorse it when other governments decide to follow a similar path. ...
• It will also have a significant psychological effect by showing that they are not invulnerable, and this may in turn encourage the open source community to further success. ...
• Open movement .
• But it should not be forgotten that the UK Government, like the rest of us, is already a major user of open source software, just because so much of the net's infrastructure depends on it. ...

• W3C Open Source Software.
• About W3C Software.
• All W3C software is Open Source/ Free Software, and GPL compatible. ... Note that as this license is GPL compatible, it is possible to redistribute software based on W3C sources under a GPL license. ...
• News about W3C Open-Source Software are also available as a RSS feed.
• List of W3C open-source software releases.
• CSS Validation service: Source code You can also validate the CSS style sheets used by your HTML pages. ... Source code is available from our public CVS repository. ... Alumni Software.
• Most W3C software is available directly from our CVS base. ...
• Some of our software is available via FTP from ftp. ...

• From the Frontiers of Research to the Heart of the Enterprise O'Reilly Open Source Convention Sheraton San Diego Hotel and Marina July 22-26, 2002 -- San Diego, CA .
• O'Reilly & Associates' Open Source Convention has concluded. With appearances by the leaders in the free and open source communities, OSCON once again proved to be the central gathering place to exchange ideas, share techniques, push the technical boundaries, and maximize the benefits of free and open source software. ...
• Conference presentations are online! -- Did you miss out on an OSCON presentation? Want to know what you missed? You can download the presentation files from the O'Reilly Open Source Convention. ...
• Invitation to Attend The 4th O'Reilly Open Source Convention -- Read why you cannot afford to miss OSCON 2002 from Convention Chair Nathan Torkington and O'Reilly & Associates President Tim O'Reilly. ...
• Bruce Sterling presents "A Contrarian Position on Open Source" on Friday, July 26, 11:30am - 12:15pm at the Open Source Convention. Don't miss Sterling's unique perspective on software as author of several science fiction novels including Involution Ocean, The Artificial Kid, Schismatrix, Islands in the Net, and Heavy Weather. ...
• The Strange Case of the Disappearing Open Source Vendors--Tim O'Reilly explains why open source is good for businesses even if it isn't always good for software vendors. ... Get involved with the open source movement - register today for OSCON. ...
• Supersnail's Fisheye View of OSCON 2001--Check out Julian Cash's amazing photos from last year's Open Source Convention. ...
• The Fellowship Comes to OSCON -- Come to OSCON and hear Milton Ngan, the IT Manager for Peter Jackson's Weta Graphics, talk about the role of Linux, Perl, and other open source software in the making of the Lord of the Rings. ...
• Opening the Portal Into Your Television -- The O'Reilly Network is running an interview with Carl Malamud on Electronic Program Guides and the NetTopBox project, which hopes to aid in building a distributed, open media guide. Malamud presents NetTopBox at the O'Reilly Open Source Convention.
• Keeping Genome Data Open -- Open-data hero Jim Kent, who was instrumental in keeping the human genome data in the public domain, tells why and how he did it in this O’Reilly Network interview. Kent will be a keynote speaker at the O'Reilly Open Source Convention. ...

• Note: a revised version appears as The Usability of Open Source Software (2003) First Monday, 8(1). ...
• Usability and Open Source Software.
• Open source communities have successfully developed many pieces of software although most computer users only use proprietary applications. The usability of open source software is often regarded as one reason for this limited distribution. In this paper we review the existing evidence of the usability of open source software and discuss how the characteristics of open-source development influence usability. ...
• Open source communities have successfully developed many pieces of software. Most of this software is used by technically sophisticated users, in software development or as part of the larger computing infrastructure. Although the use of open source software is growing, the average user computer user only directly interacts with proprietary software. There are many reasons for this situation; one of which is the perception that open source software is less usable. This paper examines how the open source development process influences usability and suggests usability improvement methods that are appropriate for community-based software development on the Internet.
• the open source developer-user who both uses the software and contributes to its development .
• Indeed the whole rationale behind the user-centred design approach within human-computer interaction (HCI) emphasises that software developers cannot easily design for typical users. At first glance this suggests that open source developer communities will not easily live up to the goal of replacing proprietary software on the desktop of most users (Raymond, 1998). ...
• In this paper we first review the existing evidence of the usability of open source software (OSS). We then outline the ways in which the characteristics of open source development influence the software. ...
• Is there an open source usability problem?.

• The Usability of Open Source Software by David M. ...
• Open source communities have successfully developed a great deal of software although most computer users only use proprietary applications. The usability of open source software is often regarded as one reason for this limited distribution. In this paper we review the existing evidence of the usability of open source software and discuss how the characteristics of open source development influence usability. ...
• Is there an open source usability problem?.
• Usability and open source software development.
• Open source communities have successfully developed a great deal of software. Most of this software is used by technically sophisticated users, in software development or as part of the larger computing infrastructure. Although the use of open source software is growing, the average user computer user only directly interacts with proprietary software. There are many reasons for this situation; one of which is the perception that open source software is less usable. This paper examines how the open source development process influences usability and suggests usability improvement methods that are appropriate for community-based software development on the Internet.
• the open source developer-user who both uses the software and contributes to its development.
• Indeed the whole rationale behind the user-centred design approach within human-computer interaction (HCI) emphasises that software developers cannot easily design for typical users. At first glance this suggests that open source developer communities will not easily live up to the goal of replacing proprietary software on the desktop of most users (Raymond, 1998). ...
• In this paper we first review the existing evidence of the usability of open source software (OSS). We then outline the ways in which the characteristics of open source development influence the software. ...

• Open Source Software.
• Open Source Software What is Open Source Software? History of Open Source Software How does an open source project start and how is it controlled? Open Source Software: Examples The Origins: UNIX and the Internet The GNU Projects The operating system GNU/Linux The graphical user interface KDE The graphical user interface GNOME Der Apache Web Server The Web Browser Mozilla Application Software3. Pro and Contra of Open Source Software Strengths and weaknesses of open source software, advantages and disadvantages in the application Strengths and advantages Weaknesses and Problems Procuring information Security Requirements of secure computer systems Availability - Stability Authenticity, integrity and confidentiality - Cryptography Modularity, Compatibility, Heterogeneity User friendliness Service and Support The costs of using open source software Purchasing costs Example 1: Company-internal web server Example 2: Router system with Internet access Training costs Operating costs Summary Migration Strategies How should one proceed in a changeover?4. ... Legal issues and business models Legal issues Definitions and licence models Liability and warranty Patent Law Business models with open source software Distributors Appliance developers Service providers Other business models6. Criteria for the use of open source software7. ... Open Source Adresses10. Comments on the criteria for the use of open source software11. ...
• More and more people throughout the world use open source software. With its open source code it generally operates reliably and securely in a stable and cost-effective manner. It is not developed as proprietary software by any one company. Users do not have to pay any licence fees when they wish to employ open source products. ...
• At the very latest since the European Union recommended that open source software should be used preferentially, the doubters were made to realise that software with freely accessible source code is not just the toys of enthusiastic computer science students, but systems from professionals for professional use. The spectrum of those now using open source products is also wide: It ranges from DaimlerChrysler, IKEA, Sixt, NASA, SONY, Boeing, to the National Association of German Skilled Crafts, Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and the World Council of Churches. ...
• Companies such as IBM, Hewlett-Packard, Compaq and Siemens Fujitsu Computers now sell computers with Linux pre-installed, the best-known open source operating system. ... IBM thus made it clear that it regards open source software as competitive vis-à-vis proprietary operating systems such as Solaris or Windows NT. ...
• For example, Linux - by now a prominent open source operating system - was always known to be stable; however, in the beginning its only fans were in the server area. ...

• Mac OS Open Source Software has Moved Mac OS Open Source Software has Moved.
• The Mac OS Open Source Software catalog is now part of The O'Reilly Network, where it will forevermore be under the care of that site's Mac DevCenter and its administrators (as well as a few random hangers-on, inlcuding yours truly). ...

• Free/Libre and Open Source Software:.
• new "Why developing countries need to use and create Free Software", .
• This project aims to remedy this situation by identifying and developing indicators of such activity through a case study of OS/FS: Open Source/Free Software. ...
• A survey of users and developers provided the first comprehensive base of hard data on OS/FS; indicators of measurement including monetary are applied on this domain through the survey; and a unique survey of OS/F software source code measured authors' contributions and other indicators. ...
• project report, research paper(s), database(s), software applications/tools, workshop.

• Open Law project.
• The Open Law project at the Berkman Center for Internet and Society at Harvard Law School releases its case arguments under a copyleft license, in order to encourage public suggestions for improvement. ...
• Normal law firms write arguments the way commercial software companies write code. Lawyers discuss a case behind closed doors, and although their final product is released in court, the discussions or "source code" that produced it remain secret. In contrast, Open Law crafts its arguments in public and releases them under a copyleft. "We deliberately used free software as a model," says Wendy Selzer, who took over Open Law when Lessig moved to Stanford. Around 50 legal scholars now work on Eldritch's case, and Open Law has taken other cases, too. ...
• "The gains are much the same as for software," Selzer says. ...
• But where there's a strong public interest element, open sourcing has big advantages. Citizens' rights groups, for example, have taken parts of Open Law's legal arguments and used them elsewhere. ...
• Open Law project .

• Closed Source.
• Im Gegensatz zu Open Source wird bei Closed Source Software (engl. ...
• Viele Softwarefirmen schreiben ein Computerprogramm und geben es dann als Closed Source heraus. Diese meist kommerzielle Software wird anschließend vom Hersteller gepflegt, wobei Verbesserungen und Veränderungen als binärer Patch bereitgestellt werden. ...
• Unter Betriebssystemen wie Windows sind fast ausschließlich Closed-Source-Anwendungen erhältlich, wohingegen bei Linux sowohl beim Kernel des Systems als bei den meisten dazugehörigen Standardapplikationen die Möglichkeit besteht, den Quellcode beliebig zu verändern und selbst zu kompilieren. Auch das Recht der Weitergabe ist unbeschränkt, man spricht deshalb von freier Software oder Open Source Software. ...
• Es ranken sich zahlreiche Diskussionen um die Vor- und Nachteile quelloffener und -geschlossener Software, wobei wirtschaftliche, gesellschaftliche und sicherheitstechnische Aspekte im Vordergrund stehen. ...
• Allerdings ist es einleuchtend, dass bei Closed Source nur der Applikationsentwickler die praktikable Möglichkeit hat, das Programm zu verändern, was den Kunden in eine auch als vendor lock-in bekannte Abhängigkeit zwingt. ...

• Kalam, Stallman discuss open source software By Sandeep Dikshit .
• Abdul Kalam, last Thursday played host to two radically divergent poles of the global software industry. The first to meet the President was Richard Stallman, the leading light of the free and open source software (FOSS) movement. ... Stallman has devoted his life to countering Microsoft's policy of selling software that cannot be changed because its code is kept a secret. ... Stallman said the President was "receptive'' to his views that development of software should be seen as a political and social issue and not just from the technological point of view. At a meeting that lasted 40 minutes, they discussed the need to give people an alternative way to use computers by popularising open source software (OSS). ... The two also went over several common interests, including the use of software in space programming. ... They also reminisced on the development work on several software programmes in which both had taken interest. ... The word "free'' did not mean giving the software gratis. Rather, it denoted the freedom to control the computer because the seller of FOSS also provided the source code or the manner in which a particular software was constructed. "This way you can see how it works, you can change it and also share the software. ... So far, Microsoft licences were not being forced on individuals, but in the coming days, proprietary software companies would make it impossible for individuals to make copies clandestinely.
• Kalam, Stallman discuss open source software .
• Open Page.

• com Webactive What PC? Register  |  Update details HOMENEWSREVIEWSDOWNLOADSFORUMSJOBSEbusiness | Communications | Security | Business hardware | Business software | Personal computing | More. ... com > News > Business software > Operating systems print : discuss : send to friend Also read.
• October date for OGC open source trials report.
• Open software group lambasts SCO for using Samba3 while attacking the GPL.
• Open software developer Samba has accused the SCO Group of 'hypocrisy' for attacking the GNU General Purpose Licence (GPL) while incorporating software released under the licence into its products.
• At this week's SCO Forum event, SCO chief executive, Darl McBride, attacked the GPL saying: "The GPL is not about making software free; it's about destroying value. ...
• The team members, who published their individual names at the foot of the statement, pointed out that Samba is an open source, free software project freely available under the GPL.
• M A R K E T P L A C E Software License control, Windows XP/2000 UpgradesUse your Intranet to manage Software Licenses, plan for Windows XP/2000 upgrades, do Security Audits and more. ... "InBoxer is exactly what anti-spam software should be. ... Used Cisco Equipment at 50% off listNetwork Liquidators is your source for discount used and refurbished networking equipment at up to 50% off list. ...
• Software Development .

• In the spirit of free and open source software (F/OSS), we are attempting to establish a community in which information will be freely exchanged, so that we may further the understanding of open source and its implications outside the realm of software development. We invite researchers to post their papers on open source and free software here, and to add themselves to the research directory, so that our community can become steadily larger and more comprehensive. ...
• Add yourself to our directory of researchers who are interested in free/open source software. ...

• The Origins and Future of Open Source Software.
• How Free, Open Source Software Created the Internet .
• Breakdown of Open Computing on the Internet .
• Why the Government Withdrew From Defense of Open Standards .
• The Return of Open Source Computing .
• Help NetAction educate policymakers about the benefits of open source software with our Open Source Action Kit!.

• Open-Source Software Development.
• The recent explosion in popularity of open-source software development has attracted increasing attention in the developer's community. What was previously dismissed as too ad-hoc and chaotic for serious projects is now being reconsidered as a viable development model even for commercial software. However, open-source software also faces some significant obstacles if it is to make a successful leap from the ``early adopters'' of programming enthusiasts to the mainstream, obstacles that, in my opinion, cannot be surmounted by simply attempting to transplant ideas from the more traditional development models, even those that are also Internet-based. In this paper, I examine the characteristics and organization of some notable open-source software projects, indicate some of the problems open-source developers face, and put forward some ideas on approaches to making open-source software development more efficient. ...
• Open-source software (OSS) is software for which the source code is distributed or accessible via the Internet without charge or limitations on modifications and future distribution by third parties 17 . It is a phenomenon that grew slowly out of the BSD Unix and Free Software Foundation GNU projects during the 1980's, but it wasn't until the 1990's that the open-source software development truly gained momentum. ... Perhaps not surprisingly, much open-source software is itself oriented to implementing the Internet infrastructure; as a result, it is now the dominant mechanism for providing Internet services: in February 1999 over 54% of Web servers ran Apache server software 15 , while it is estimated that Sendmail now handles about 80% of Internet e-mail 5 . Two other crucial open-source pieces of the Internet foundation are BIND, the most widely used implementation of the Internet Domain Name System (originally written for BSD Unix 4. ... Linux, an open-source Unix-like operating system, is an increasingly popular choice for server machines. ...
• The response from the established software industry companies has been varied, but it is obvious that open-source software is not going to be ignored: IBM has decided to include Apache Web server as a cornerstone of its WebSphere Internet-commerce application server 7 , while Apple will make it part of its next generation operating system, MacOS X 2 . Microsoft, in an internal memo subsequently leaked to the press 19 , acknowledged both the immediate and long-term threat open-source software (in particular Linux and Apache) poses to its products, and noted ``the ability of the OSS process to collect and harness the collective IQ of thousands of individuals across the Internet'' as ``simply amazing''. ... , extending standard communication and application protocols with proprietary features) as Microsoft's response to the open-source software phenomenon. ...
• Netscape certainly undertook the most radical step of any commercial software company by releasing the complete source for its Communicator WWW browser (minus code unavailable because of licensing restrictions) under an open source-style license 16 . ...
• These developments clearly show that open-source software as a development methodology is not only here to stay, but has the potential to alter the whole approach to making software --- resulting, its proponents would say, in more reliable products and faster and leaner development. ... What is needed instead is research that will examine open-source software and development process, in light of their current accomplishments and respecting their specificities, and find what works, what doesn't, and how it can be further improved. ...

• Linux/Open Source.
• open source Last modified: Friday, March 12, 2004  .
• (1) Generically, open source refers to a program in which the source code is available to the general public for use and/or modification from its original design free of charge, i. ... , open. Open source code is typically created as a collaborative effort in which programmers improve upon the code and share the changes within the community. Open source sprouted in the technological community as a response to proprietary software owned by corporations. ...
• (2) A certification standard issued by the Open Source Initiative (OSI) that indicates that the source code of a computer program is made available free of charge to the general public. ... Programmers on the Internet read, redistribute and modify the source code, forcing an expedient evolution of the product. The process of eliminating bugs and improving the software happens at a much quicker rate than through the traditional development channels of commercial software as the information is shared throughout the open source community and does not originate and channel through a corporation's research and development cogs. ...
• The author or holder of the license of the source code cannot collect royalties on the distribution of the program .
• The distributed program must make the source code accessible to the user .
• The rights attached to the program must not depend on the program's being part of a particular software distribution .
• The licensed software cannot place restrictions on other software that is distributed with it. ...
• com: Linux Operating System - A source for Linux-specific news and information on Linux. ...
• com pages about open source. ...
• com's Linux/Open Source Channel .

• (Omdirigeret fra Open content) .
• Åbent indhold (fra engelsk: open content) beskriver enhver form for kreativt arbejde (for eksempel artikler, billeder, lyd, video osv. ...
• Ligesom open source-software til tider beskrives som fri software (ikke at forveksle med freeware), kan åbent indhold beskrives i en mere fri form som frit materiale. Alt åbent indhold er dog frit i henhold til GNU GPL (som eksempel kan nævnes Open Directory. Se eventuelt også public domain, free content og fri software-bevægelsen. ...
• Jake 2 - forskningssoftware og database hvor indholdet er opbygget efter open source-måden .
• OpenContent 6 - open source-licenser til information .
• Open Content for Education 7 .
• Open Music Registry 10 - deling af musik ved hjælp af en åben audio-licens .
• Open Directory Project 11 - webdirectory bruges af blandt andre Google og Yahoo. ...
• October Open Game License (OOGL) - en mere åben version af Open Game License .
• Open Publication License - Licens til Open Content Project .
• Open Directory Project License bruges af Open Directory Project .
• Open Game License - Licens til Open Gaming Foundation, som den er lavet af Wizards of the Coast. ...
• Jan Newmarch, "Open Content Licenses," http://jan. ...
• Open Directory-kategorien: Open Content .

• Berkeley Software Distribution.
• Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) is the name of the UNIX derivative distributed in the 1970s from the University of California, Berkeley. ...
• In its infancy AT&T Bell Laboratories permitted Berkeley and other universities to use and extend the source code to their UNIX operating system. Berkeley used the software as a research base for investigations into operating system design through the 1970s and 1980s. ...
• The AT&T laboratory eventually released their own STREAMS library, which incorporated much of the same functionality in a software stack with better architectural layers, but the already widely-distributed sockets library, together with the unfortunate omission of a function call for polling a set of open sockets (an equivalent of the select call in the Berkeley library), made it difficult to justify porting applications to the new API. ...
• Chris Dibona, Mark Stone, Sam Ockman, Open Source (Organization), Brian Behlendorf and J. Scott Bradner, Open Sources : Voices from the Open Source Revolution, O'Reilly & Associates, 1999, trade paperback, 272 pages, ISBN 1565925823; Online at http://www. ...

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