More of the Straight Dope Answers To Tough Questions The Gospel According to Luke (X-XXIV): Introduction, Translation, and Notes (Anchor Bible, Vol 28A) Being Religious, American Style : A History of Popular Religiosity in the United States False Impressions Mammoth Encyclopedia of the Unsolved Desire of the Everlasting Hills : The World Before and After Jesus Shroud The Emperor of Scent : A Story of Perfume, Obsession, and the Last Mystery of the Senses

• As project leader or principal member has participated in projects of international recognition including the photographic investigation into the Shroud of Turin (1978, Shroud of Turin Research Project) and photo-documentation of Arctic research station activities, 1977, sponsored by the McGinnis Foundation of Toronto, Canada. ...
• Was a project leader and member of the international panel in the "Focus on New Zealand" event, 1985, and led a photographic research and travel expedition to the Sea of Cortez aboard the Institute's vessle "Just Love" in 1986.
• Has participated in numerous photographic research projects and equipment evaluations and testing.

• Shroud of Turin .
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• Skeptic's Dictionary entry argues that the shroud is a 14th century artifact. ...
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•  Results for Shroud of Turin   1 to 19 of 19 results. ...
• The Shroud of Turin -- rank: 1000       Up One Level   Topia!: Society: Religion and Spirituality: Christianity: Jesus Christ: The Shroud of Turin (16) Skeptical Assessments@ (3) The Face in the Shroud of Turin - An artist's impression. Shroud of Turin Education Project - Committed to raising awareness of the Shroud of Turin. Provides resources for exploring the mystery and encountering the message of the Shroud. Holy Shroud Guild - Promotes study & devotion of the Shroud of Turin, which many believe to be the Holy.
• Shroud of Turin -- rank: 777       Up One Level   Topia!: Science: Science in Society: Skeptical Inquiry: Shroud of Turin (3) See Also: Society: Religion and Spirituality: Christianity: Jesus Christ: The Shroud of Turin The Shroud of Turin - Applies image enhancement software, calls attention to features that suggest forgery. Shroud of Turin Research - McCrone Research Institute analysis of image finds pigments. ... Shroud of Turin - Skeptic's Dictionary entry argues that the s.
• Turin -- rank: 666       Up One Level   Topia!: Regional: Europe: Italy: Regions: Piedmont: Localities: Turin (18) Torino 2006 Olympic Winter Games@ (1) Architecture of Turin - Buildings of Turin in the Great Buildings Online database: images, descriptions and sources. Arturo Mercandetti - Offers guided tours of Turin and translations online. Cityvox Turin - An interactive guide for Turin with addresses for dining, drinking, shopping, clubbing, visiting, and information on entertainment, accommodation, a.
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• Skeptical Inquiry -- rank: 196       Up One Level   Topia!: Science: Science in Society: Skeptical Inquiry (150) Cold Reading (topiasearch) Critical Thinking (topiasearch) Hoaxes (topiasearch) Organizations (topiasearch) Shroud of Turin (topiasearch) See Also: Health: Alternative Recreation: Humor: Science Science: Anomalies and Alternative Science Society: Paranormal The Skeptic's Dictionary - Skeptical definitions and essays on occult, paranormal, pseudoscientific ideas and practices with references to skep.
• Contains information on its origin, notable monuments, the Benedictine Abbey, the copy of the Turin shroud, and the surrounding region. ...
• Shroud of Turin.

• (a summary of research on the Shroud of Turin) .
• Even though artists over the centuries have depicted their own impressions of the Son of God's appearance, and some probably more accurately than others, could there actually be a genuine image of Christ in existence? Could it be possible that mankind has had in his possession since the resurrection the likeness of Jesus for all to see? There exists a linen burial shroud, which resides currently in Italy, called the Shroud of Turin. ...
• Many different scientists have extensively studied the Shroud over the years. Some feel that the Shroud is authentic, while others think it is a medieval forgery. Although much controversy exists over the Shroud of Turin's authenticity, the vast amount of evidence indicating its credibility over its supposed medieval forgery demands a serious look into the possibility that it may be the actual burial cloth of Jesus Christ. In the words of John Walsh, an American writer, the Shroud of Turin is '"one of the most ingenious, most unbelievable products of the human mind on record,' or 'the most awesome and instructive relic of Jesus Christ in existence"' (Wilson, The Blood 239).
• If you have never heard of the Shroud of Turin before, perhaps it would be helpful for me to describe it to you. As I mentioned previously, the Shroud is made of expensive linen with a length of 14'3" and a width of 3'7". ... The Shroud is of an ivory color (Iannone 2).
• On the Shroud are several important things that I must draw your attention to. First, imprinted on the Shroud of Turin are the ventral and dorsal images of a crucified man, which according to Ian Wilson "resembles both the color and character of faint scorch marks on a well used ironing board cover" (Wilson, The Blood 74). ...
• Also to be seen on the Turin Shroud are burn marks and patches. The Shroud was damaged in a fire, which I will discuss later, and so patches (which were very recently removed as part of a restoration project) were placed on the Shroud to cover the holes (Antonacci, Mark Interview). In addition, the Shroud of Turin has a number of small burn holes in it which give the impression that a hot poker was perhaps run through the Shroud at one time while it was folded up (Wilson, The Blood 66). ...
• Now that I have familiarized you with the Shroud of Turin, let us travel back into time and trace the history of the Shroud. The history surrounding the Shroud is in some places strong and in other places lacking, but the Shroud can likely be traced back to the time of Jesus. ...

• (Shroud of Turin) .
• The Shroud of Turin is a rectangular linen cloth, 4. ... John the Baptist in Turin, Italy. ...
• The Shroud of Turin In the Light of Scientific Investigations.
• Several scientific investigations have been made since 1898, when the Shroud of Turin was first photographed. ...

• Did Jesus really exist? And what's with the Shroud of Turin? .
• I know this is a sticky question, but I'll ask anyway: does any solid evidence exist to prove that a Jesus of Nazareth actually lived? And what about the Shroud of Turin--have scientists concluded anything about it? --Ben C. ...
• As for the Shroud of Turin--well, despite more than 100,000 hours of work by scientists involved in the Shroud of Turin Research Project (STURP), nobody can say for sure what it really is. ...
• For those unfamiliar with it, the Shroud is one of the most famous Catholic artifacts, shall we say, in the world. ... The two sides of the figure are set head-to-head, suggesting that the man had been placed on the Shroud and that it was then folded over him. ...
• The Shroud first turned up in 1357, when it was exhibited in a church that had been specially built for that purpose in Lirey, France, by one Geoffrey de Charny. In 1453 one of de Charny's descendants sold the Shroud to the Duke of Savoy, whose family later moved its headquarters, and the Shroud, to Turin. ... The exiled King Umberto, the Shroud's last owner, died in that year, and it was subsequently turned over to the Vatican.
• Some have conjectured that the Shroud is the Mandylion, another cloth bearing an imprint of Jesus that disappeared during the sack of Constantinople in 1204. ...
• Only a short time after the Shroud was put on display in 1357 the local bishop ordered the exhibition stopped on the grounds that the thing was a forgery. ...
• Having been exhibited periodically over the centuries, the Shroud was photographed for the first time in 1898. The negatives caused a sensation, and are largely responsible for the hold the Shroud has had on the public imagination ever since. ... This implies that the image on the Shroud is a negative of sorts. If the image is the work of a forger, Shroud advocates say, it is hard to imagine why he would adopt such an odd technique.
• Subsequent inquiries if anything deepened the conviction that the Shroud was, if not the real McCoy, at least not a fake. ... In 1968 an archaeologist in Israel discovered the skeleton of a man who had been crucified through the wrists, lending credence to the notion that the Shroud is right and two thousand years' worth of paintings are wrong.

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• Jonathan Sleeman Returns from Mountain Gorilla Project in Rwanda.
• CBS Special Focuses on UTK Research on the Shroud of Turin .
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•  Scientific and Historical Research: The Shroud of Turin.
• Scientific and Historical Research: The Shroud of Turin .
• the Shroud of Lirey-Chambéry-Turin.
• A comparison between the 1978 Shroud of Turin Research Project data concerning the qualities of image formation on the Shroud of Turin and the data collected from a recent investigation into image forming techniques employing technology available to thirteenth century cultures strongly suggests that the negative image as found on the Shroud of Turin was the product of a form of primitive photography.
• Scientific and Historical Research apropos the Turin Shroud.
• In a recently completed research project which dealt with the more plausible explanations for the photo-negative images (both dorsal and frontal) of the crucified Christ (Plates 1 and 2) on the so-called Shroud of Lirey-Chambéry-Turin, Allen 1,2, postulated that persons living before the middle of the fourteenth century could well have possessed the necessary technical knowledge to produce a photographic image on linen. Briefly stated, it was established that a person could have produced a Shroud-like image by employing the following methods and techniques.
• Hypothetical model which explains how the Shroud of Lirey may have been produced (c 1280-1320) Model by Mr Derrick Erasmus .
• Inside this room or camera, it would have been necessary for a large screen to support the linen cloth (Shroud) which had been previously treated with a very dilute solution of silver-nitrate (0. ... In order to achieve the two-fold image which now appears on the Shroud of Turin, it would have been necessary for this operation to have been repeated twice so as to obtain an impression of both the frontal and dorsal images of the sun-illuminated corpse. ...
• Readers should compare these images to the Shroud of Turin.
• Body cast of a human subject employed for all shroud tests from 1994 onward.
• Positive and negative photograph of the Shroud of Port Elizabeth (c 1994) This shroud was produced employing the technique discussed in this article.
• Positive photograph of the Shroud of Port Elizabeth (c 1994), showing both the frontal and dorsal images of a tortured man. This shroud was produced employing the technique discussed in this article.
• Comparison between the negative photographs of the 1992 test image (plate 7) and the Shroud of Turin. (Shroud of Turin detail reproduced courtesy of Barrie Schwortz).

•   Research Studies and Papers Beethoven Press Conference .
• Director of Beethoven Research Project .
• Four years ago, I was asked to head a research project to analyze strands of Beethoven’s hair to search for clues which might help explain the many mysteries surrounding the great composer’s life. ...
•   High lead concentrations in Beethoven’s hair were found in independent analyses by McCrone Research Institute & Argonne National Laboratory. ...
• Distinctive trace-metal patterns associated with genius, irritability, glucose disorders, and malabsorption were not present in the Beethoven samples tested by McCrone Research Institute. ...
• Absence of detectable mercury levels was reported independently by McCrone Research Institute and Argonne National Laboratory. ...
• This information will be available for future research studying musical genius, deafness, etc. ...
• The cause of Beethoven’s deafness is still a mystery, and a continuing focus of our ongoing research. ...
• The new owners selected the Health Research Institute to perform non-destructive chemical tests and to direct the efforts to derive scientific information from the hair. ...
• Chemical Analysis by McCrone Research Institute .
• Eventually it became clear that the world’s greatest capability resided in the McCrone Research Institute in Chicago, headed by the eminent Walter McCrone. ...
• McCrone is best known for his definitive research on Napoleon’s hair (proving that he was not deliberately poisoned by arsenic) and on the Shroud of Turin. ...
• The Argonne research team found elevated lead levels in each of the six Beethoven hairs, confirming McCrone’s findings. ...
• The Health Research Institute concludes that Beethoven suffered from lead poisoning which probably caused his chronic illnesses, and may have contributed to his death. ...
• | Home Page | Services | Pharmacy | Research | Education | Patient Info | Directions| .

• shroud. ...
• Shroud of Turin website. ... Schwortz, fotógrafo y miembro del STURP (The Shroud of Turin Research Project) que en 1978 llevó a cabo el primer examen científico de la Sábana Santa. ...
• shroud. ...
• Turin Shroud Center of Colorado.

• The holy Shroud of Turin.
•     The Shroud of Turin, which many believe was Christ's burial cloth, bears a faded image of a bearded man and what appear to be bloodstains that coincide with Christ's crucifixion wounds. The 14-foot-long linen cloth has been kept in the city of Turin, Italy since 1578. ...
• See The Whole Shroud, and the Way Jesus was Buried     Pictures of the Shroud during the 1898 Exhibition.
•     The Shroud is  14. ...
•     1- The marks of the fire of 1532 when the Shroud was burned while preserved in a casket, folded into 48 layers.
• See Frontal and Dorsal images of the Shroud.
•     Modern, twentieth century science has completed hundreds of thousands of hours of detailed study and intense research on the Shroud. ...
•     It cannot be the work of human hand, as the image on the Shroud appears as a photographic negative to the unaided eye. ...
•     Although the imprint of the human figure on the Shroud appears as a photographic negative, the bloodstains and the wounds are impressed on the Shroud as they would appear in reality, as the blood itself has colored the Shroud through direct contact. In a photograph, the photographic negative of the Shroud is revealed as a positive image, with what appear to be bloodstains showing up in white.
• Odds are 200 billion to 1 that the Man of the Shroud is Jesus of Nazareth:.
•     There are at least eight "coincidences" between the Gospels accounts and the image of the Shroud.
•     A mathematician from the University of Turin, evaluating the possibility that such an event may have happened to another individual in precisely the same way says that the odds are1in 200 billion that the Man of the Shroud is not Jesus of Nazareth.
• The Man was buried at the time of Pontius Pilate and Tiberius Caesar: Recent 3-dimensional computer enhancements have revealed over the right eye and left eyebrow of the Man of the Shroud traces of two small coins, placed there perhaps to keep the eyelids closed. ...
• shroud. ...

• Flash-presentatie (E/NL) Het multiculturele kind Jezus Onderdeel van de KRO Spiritueel website met plaatjes van Jezus als baby, kleuter, peuter The passion of the Christ Website over de film van Mel Gibson, over de laatste 12 uren uit het leven van Jezus (E) Shroud of Turin Website Actueel nieuws, FAQ en winkel over de Lijkwade van Turijn, samengesteld door een medewerker van het Shroud of Turin Research Project (E) Who is Jesus? Over het leven van Jezus, met een interactieve reis door het leven van Jezus (E) Who is Jesus? Uitleg over de persoon Jezus (E/D/NL/F/etc. ...

• Shroud Splits Scientists.
• —No project in modern times has brought science and religion into closer contact than efforts to assess the authenticity of the Shroud of Turin. And the debate about the role of scientists in the project has been every bit as heated as the religious discussions. ...
• At the center of the controversy is a group of scientists that make up the Shroud of Turin Research Project (STURP). ...
• According to the protocol pro posed in October, seven labs world wide will use advanced carbon-14 dating methods on minute shroud specimens. ...
• But the group hopes to conduct other experiments on the shroud's blood stains and fibers. ...
• "We found there is no indication that the image on the Shroud of Turin was 'painted' on the cloth," said Dinegar. ...
• "The trouble is they're all people who actually have a pretty strong belief it's Jesus's shroud, and it bothers the hell out of me they're the only ones so far who've carried out any kind of scientific measurements," he said. ...
• Gove and Garman Harbottle, a senior chemist at Brookhaven National Laboratory who has been associated with STURP, as a skeptic, for 10 years, were refused access to the shroud in 1978. ...
• At a car bon-14 conference in Trondheim, Norway, in 1985, he recalled, "all the people interested in the Shroud of Turin were in the same room at the same time. ...
• "I believe it was our scientific reputations that convinced the Cardinal Archbishop of Turin that we should be given the chance to investigate," Dinegar said about the 1978 tests. ...
• But Dinegar maintains he wears only his scientist's hat during his work on the Shroud. ...
• Besides the mistrust between believers and cynics, there is also competition among scientists for a role in the high-profile project. ...
• News | Opinions & Letters | Research | Hot Papers.

• Scientific and Historical Research: The Shroud of Turin .
• The Shroud of Turin and the Singlet Oxygen Fallacy.
• Scientific and Historical Research apropos the Turin Shroud.
• Image formation on the Shroud of Turin: The reactive oxygen intermediates hypothesis, in Interdisciplinary Science Reviews, Vol. ... ) It also refutes the notion that the negative image which appears on the Shroud of Lirey-Chambery-Turin was produced as a result of the actions of a species of reactive oxygen (specifically singlet oxygen) as described by Christopher Knight and Dr Robert Lomas in their recent publication, The Second Messiah.
• The Shroud of Turin as an artifact.
• Housed for the past four centuries, in the Royal Chapel of Turin Cathedra the so-called Shroud of Turin is today considered by many Christians, to be an important relic of Christ’s passion and death. ...
• by making a photographic negative of the Shroud) one can clearly see a positive, seemingly three-dimensional image of a man. This positive version of the Shroud's image is highly naturalistic, containing as it does, details such as skin abrasion, a dislocated limb and swollen facial tissue.
• In addition, since 1532, the Shroud's image has been marred and visually dominated by unsightly scorch marks caused by an accidental fire when this relic was housed in the Church of the Holy Chapel in Chambéry.
• Based on this particular interpretation of de Molay’s fate at the hands of his torturers, they have generated an hypothesis which is supposed to completely explain the causes for the negative, photographic images which appear on the Shroud of Turin, even claiming that `We have provided the first full explanation of the creation of the Shroud which fully explains all the factors known about its creation. ...
• Mills (Leicester University) who in 1995 published a paper which also dealt with a possible explanation for image formation on the Shroud of Turin (cf. ...
• In the same paper, Mills like his predecessor, Volkringer, then goes on to hypothesis that the image as found on the Shroud of Turin could have been produced in the same manner.
• His suggestion that his explanation for the `Volkringer effect' (as it applies to plants in contact with paper) may equally offer a solution for the problem of image formation as it appears on the Shroud of Turin.
• For the purposes of this paper, we must ignore their other opinions concerning such matters as the clandestine activities of the Knights Templar or their fragile claims to know the intimate details of the religious convictions of a man who was tortured by the inquisition in AD 1307 and rather concentrate our attention on the validity of their argument as it pertains to the production of the two negative images of a man which appear on the Shroud of Turin.
• Image Characteristics on the Shroud of Turin.

• More on the "Mysterious" Shroud.
• William Carlotti has brought up some very good points regarding the Shroud of Turin The Faith Agenda, April 12 , points I would like to address.
• The man of the Shroud horribly suffered each injury inflicted on Jesus as reported in the New Testament (and was "spared" the common practice of leg breaking, due to the fact that he was already dead). The man of the Shroud also has Judaic features, and the outline of a Jewish "phylactery" resting on his forehead. ... A unique type of limestone dust, "travertine aragonite," was found on the back side of the Shroud. ...
• Walter McCrone, who never directly examined the Shroud, discovered red ochre and vermilion paint particles, along with various proteins and iron oxide on sticky tape samples collected by the Shroud of Turin Research Project. Is his "painting" theory accepted by the scientific community? Surprisingly, it's not even widely accepted among prominent Shroud debunkers! I think Mr. McCrone is an "art"ful dodger, considering that his Shroud as art theory flies in the face of all the facts STURP had published.
• Here are 17 good reasons to dismiss the McCrone "painting" theory: (1) The Shroud's body image is invisible within arm's length distance. ... (3) The intense heat of the 1532 chapel fire did not affect the Shroud's image. More than that, molten silver (from its case) actually burned through the Shroud, and next to those long scorch marks the image remains unaffected. (4) The water used to extinguish the burning Shroud in 1532, leaving large water stains visible to this day, did not affect the Shroud image. ...
• This supports the "artist studio contamination" theory, that the paint contamination occurred when iconographers copied the Shroud's features and pressed their work upon the original as a blessing.
• This chemical process explains the "unnatural red color" of the Shroud's blood stains.
• Jerome Lejeune identified that the blood on the Shroud is real, type "AB. ...
• The STURP team held a diversity of expertise, and these 40 scientists conducted their tests with direct access to the Shroud. ...

• The Status of Research into the Authenticity of the Shroud.
• 1: «The application of computer image processing technology to artifact analysis as applied to the Shroud of Turin study», one is left quite curious by the lack of comparative data, and of any convincing argument on the benefits of the methodology described. This problem is consistently found in most articles and studies on the Shroud. ... study with the general literature on the Shroud and with the scientific literature on artifact analysis and that on the conservation of art and artifacts, identification of the Shroud as a unique object becomes questionable. Essentially Doyle and his co-workers have presented a rather comprehensive review of the use of the technology, but little scientific evidence that would either support their conclusions that the Shroud image was not painted (p. ... Is it the Shroud, a photograph, or an image derived from a microdensitometer calibration translated to pixels from a photograph as in Lorrie & Lynn56, which seems reasonable to assume from the scan data on Doyle, et al. ...
• The data that is presented concerning known classes of information are incomplete or unchallenging: for example, on page 41 the authors claim that the technique they performed on the Shroud gave «excellent indications of soilage type, blood staining as opposed to other body fluids, extent of scorching from a fire. ... 127-133) was made and so little can be inferred from their presentation except that from their technique in the use of the hardware described and their particular approach to the Shroud as an artifact.
• One is also at a loss to understand why the authors1 didn't compare their Shroud analysis with other images on textiles of the same and different fibre content and preparation; with images made from known media and methods (e. ... The literature on the Shroud contains considerable information which could significantly affect their analysis: for example, it appears the Shroud was washed at least once in its history14; how would this affect their interpretation of their data on the image and their conclusions that it could not have been painted? Comparison of the Shroud with known copies executed in the period after the appearance of the Shroud in Lirey15, 16 would be of interest both for determining aging characteristics of the images as well as deterioration products of the linen/pigment/medium complexes. ...
• Pellicori21 & Gilbert & Gilbert's22 experiments with artificial aging different media on linen produced reflectance and fluorescence spectra similar to that of the Shroud image. ... The image of the Shroud, therefore, appears to derive either from degradation products of the original painting's media in reaction with the cellulose of the linen support and an applied artist's pigment16, or in contradiction to Schwalbe & Rogers18, p. ... Ignoring for the moment the complexities of these apparent contradictory results it might be constructive to have the sticky tapes (taken by the STURP team from the surface of the Shroud) from the «blood» areas examined by Thomas Loy of the British Columbia Provincial Museum who has developed a method of detecting prehistoric blood residues on lithic tool surfaces dating 1,000 to 6. ...
• 88-90, has already questioned the data manipulation employed by Jackson, Jumper & Ercoline which produced the 3-D images of the Shroud. ... The failure of the VP-8 computer to «correlate relief over large scale distances»57 seriously undermines the claims made for the existence of a «global mapping function» for the Shroud. ...
• In general, the authors' treatment of the Shroud as an artifact is unscientific. ... While we may be skeptical about the nature of the image and its survival in its present form, one must question the state of preservation of the Shroud cloth. ... This caution does not add support for the Shroud, however, as any artifact must be considered in the context of like artifacts representing a series of examples in time and state of presenation38. ...

• Ionization Resurrects The Shroud of Turin.
• Ion Science explains the enduring mysteries of the Shroud of Turin. ...
• Before we look into the effects of Ionization on the Shroud, lets look at the scientific background obtained by other sources. ...
• The Shroud of Turin .
• The Shroud of Turin is one of the most venerated, most remarkable, most mysterious, most thoroughly studied artifacts in the world today. Believed by many to be the actual burial cloth of Christ, the Shroud made its first recorded appearance in 14th century France. Housed in the Italian city of Turin since 1578, renewed interest was generated in 1898 when the first photographs were made of the relic and it was discovered that the image on the Shroud was a photographic negative! How was such an image made? And how does one explain the incredibly life-like details which are remarkably consistent with Biblical accounts of Christ's crucifixion? Historians, pathologists, linguists, biblical scholars, textile experts, chemists, physicists, photographic specialists, artists, botanists, microbiologists and other scientists from around the world have been trying to answer these important questions for decades. ...
• In the case of the Shroud of Turin, it has been publicly declared a forgery by both Roman Catholic Church officials and prominent scientists. In 1389 the local bishop of Troyes denounced the Shroud claiming an artist had confessed to forging it. More recently, in 1988, after three different laboratories Carbon-14 dated the Shroud and found it to be some 1200 years younger than it should have been, the Roman Catholic Church announced to the world the results of the test. As word spread that the Shroud of Turin was, after all, a medieval forgery, a firestorm was created in the Shroud community. While scores of Shroud scientists hotly challenged the entire Carbon-14 testing procedure, as well as the test results, lay people around the world had to wrestle with what appeared to be solid scientific proof that the Shroud was a fake. ...
• So where are things at now? Is the Shroud of Turin authentic, or not? Could a medieval artist, or for that matter, any artist, have forged it? And if the Shroud is an authentic burial cloth from the first century, is the man whose crucified image appears on the Shroud actually that of Jesus Christ? .
• Combining ongoing discoveries about ancient Palestine with cutting-edge scientific analysis, a growing number of scientists (Christian, Jewish, agnostic and otherwise) are coming to the conclusion that the Shroud is indeed the actual burial cloth of Jesus Christ. If this is true, then not only does the Shroud bear witness to the fact that a man named Jesus actually lived and died in ancient Palestine, but it may also present physical proof that some kind of miraculous event took place after his death which caused his image to be imprinted on the Shroud! What's more, we may also be able to learn something about Jesus himself: What his physical characteristics were like, what kind of Jewish traditions he adhered to and rejected, how he, and his body, faced a horribly violent death. ...
• So what, exactly, do we know about the Shroud of Turin? Here are some of the astonishing findings that modern day science has uncovered so far: .

• HEBREW SCRIPTURE PROJECT.
• INSTRUCTIONS: Research one of the following topics and prepare a typed report of your findings. ... A research report needs to have several sources, 1 or 2 is not adequate. ...
• Research the Dead Sea scrolls and report on the relationship of the scrolls to the Bible and to Christianity. ...
• The Dead Sea Scrolls Project This site seems to give good information about the scrolls. The first article looks like an important article for this project.
• Investigate the Shroud of Turin and report on the tests done on it during the past 30 years. ... Explain fully the two sides of the conflict over the shroud's authenticity, ie. ...
• The Shroud of Turin Website Home Page.
• Shroud of Turin This site is a listing of some Shroud of Turin links.
• Shroud of Turin This site gives links to 300 sites relative to the Shroud of Turin. ...
• Many more Shroud links: Shroud A, Shroud B , Shroud C , Shroud D.
• Research and report on the similarities and differences between the sacred texts of several of the world's religions (at least three), eg. ...
• - The report shows evidence of research, yet reflects the individual style of the author. ...
• - The report shows evidence of research but indicates some information may not have been processed adequately for understanding or written in such a way as to reflect the author's uniqueness.

• Galaxy > Community > Religion > Christianity > People > Jesus > The Shroud of Turin.
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• The Holy Shroud - Official Site.
• ORG Movies The Pope and the Shroud The Archbishop's greeting Turin, 1997: fire in the Cathedral Patristic anthology (English) Interpretating the Shroud Museum of the Shroud Site Map Awards Staff.
• HOLY SHROUD GUILD - promotes study & devotion of Shroud of Turin, which many believe to be the.
• Holy Shroud Guild - promotes study & devotion of Shroud of Turin, which many believe to be the Holy Shroud, the cloth that covered Jesus Christ at the resurrection.
• shroud. ...

• Shroud photographs (not appearing in original article) are from Barrie M. Schwortz's Shroud of Turin Website (©Barrie M. ...   This is one of the most comprehensive resources on the Shroud of Turin including scientific articles and extensive bibliographies.
• The Shroud of Turin.
• No single artifact of the past has so exemplified the interface between science and religion as the Shroud of Turin. What are the facts and how do we separate the facts from both religious and scientific bias and agenda-based conclusions? First, we must separate the shroud from that which is responsible for bias, namely that it is the burial shroud of Jesus of Nazareth and investigate it instead as a putative artifact of a first century crucifixion and burial. The shroud has been subjected to numerous scientific tests over the years culminating in 1988 with a radiocarbon measurement and dating procedure. The testing of the shroud and the conclusions reached lie basically in two areas, the physical shroud itself and the very unique image on the shroud. ...
• Physical Examination of the Shroud.
• FACT: The shroud is a linen cloth measuring 4. ...
• FACT: The shroud is a herringbone twill with a 3:1 weave, of probably 1st century Syrian design. ...
• FACT: The shroud contains pollen grains from 58 species of plants, 17 indigenous to Europe where the artifact has been for 7 centuries and the majority being plants indigenous, some exclusively, to the area of the Dead Sea and Turkey. ... , Shroud Spectrum International 3, 1982).
• Conclusion: The linen of the shroud was manufactured and woven in the Middle East, most probably Syria, and is a design used in the 1st century, albeit uncommon and expensive.
• Image on the Shroud.
• The shadowy image on the shroud is, of course, its most unique and enigmatic feature. ... It was not until the first photographs were taken of the shroud in 1898 by Turin Councillor Secondo Pia that the negative plates revealed the startling "positive" of the clear picture of the "man in the shroud. ... The image of the "man in the shroud" also displays signs of beating about the face, swelling under the eye and shocks of his beard having been ripped from his face (a common form of abuse to Jews by Romans). The debate on the authenticity of the shroud focuses on whether this image was transferred to the linen by some means from a real corpse or whether it was artificed by a clever forger.

• Probing the Shroud of Turin.
• The Gospels and the Shroud.
• Few historical artifacts generate as much heated controversy as the Shroud of Turin. ... {1} Others think it might be the actual burial shroud of Jesus. ...
• The Shroud is a linen cloth 14. ...
• In this article we will examine evidence both for and against the claim that the Shroud of Turin is the actual burial garment of Jesus. ...
• If we want to find out if the Shroud may have been the actual burial garment of Jesus, a good place to begin is with an examination of the Gospel accounts of Jesus' death. After all, if the evidence on the Shroud is not consistent with the Gospels, we can safely conclude that whatever the source of the image, it could not be that of Jesus. So how well do the Gospel accounts line up with the image on the Shroud? Are there any obvious inconsistencies or contradictions?.
• {5} The man's image on the Shroud likewise gives evidence of one who suffered such things. ... "{6} Careful examination of the Shroud again reveals consistency with the Gospels on this point. ...
• But Walter McCrone, a humanistic scientist who rejects miracles, contends that the Shroud is simply a medieval artist's painting. ...
• Does the Shroud image depict an actual crucifixion victim or is it rather an ingenuous painting? We will address this question next.
• The Shroud under a Microscope.
• One of the most qualified researchers to contend that the Shroud of Turin is merely a painting is Walter McCrone. ... {8} He sums up his own examination of the Shroud this way, "From my experience as a painting authenticator, the shroud is authentic--a beautiful and inspired authentic painting. ...

• Red Ochre and Vermilion on Shroud Tapes?.
• McCrone Research Institute.
• The scientific controversy over the Shroud of Turin is unusual in its disparity of opinions, the one-sidedness of those opinions, and its nearly seventeen-year length2.
• The Shroud of Turin, a linen cloth measuring 1. ... A group of scientists from the Shroud of Turin Research Project (STURP) spent five days and nights in Turin in October 1978 examining the Shroud. These scientists identified the Turin Shroud image as blood and oxidized/dehydrated cellulose3. ... My microscopical studies were made on thousands of fibers and particles on the 32 Shroud tapes, each about 5 cm2 in area. ...
• To the unaided eye, the Shroud image is yellow to orange in most body-image areas, but red in blood-image areas. ...
• A significant proportion of the Shroud red ochre is hematite, thus accounting for the observed birefringence of many of the individual particles. The composition of the Shroud red ochre was confirmed both by electron microprobe and by X-ray diffraction5. ...
• The research I have done shows varying ratios for the two different pigments, and proves there must have been two different paint applications, one a red ochre paint, and the other, a vermilion paint. ... It seems therefore reasonable that the Shroud was first painted and then the blood images were enhanced with a vermilion paint. The finding of HgS as an artist's pigment on the Shroud is highly significant. ... On examining thousands of red image particles on the Shroud tapes, I saw no low refractive red partides except rose madder particles and a few red silk fibers (from the Shroud wrapping cloth). ...
• If the image on the Shroud is a painting, we must find a paint medium. ...
• I think that the medieval artist6 thought about a shroud image in terms of a dark tomb. ... This would explain the appearance of the shroud image and, as well, STURP's 3-D image contruction7. ...

• :: The Shroud - Front.
• The Front View of the Shroud of Turin .
• :: The Shroud - Rear.
• The rear view of the Shroud of Turin .
• Code10 » Mysteries of Bible » Shroud of Turin » The Historical Trail.
• «« Back to Shroud Index »» .
• The history of the Shroud prior to 1353 is not fully documented, but a significant historical trail allows for the following reconstruction of the cloth's early history.
• Legend suggests the Shroud was taken to Edessa (now Urfa, Turkey) sometime following this date. ...
• »» 1353 - Geoffrey DeCharney first exhibited the Shroud in Lirey, France. ...
• Could the Shroud and the Mandylion be the same cloth? Many say yes. If not, then what was the "Image on Cloth" stolen from Constantinople? Where did it go? Or is it the Shroud? Both science and history seem to indicate that this is the case. ...
• »» Again in 1353 - The Shroud's fully documented history began in Western Europe when it was revealed by Geoffrey DeCharney in Lirey, France. ...
• »» 1578 - The cloth was moved to Turin, Italy for safe keeping and remains there until this day.
• »» 1898 - The Shroud was photographed for the first time by Secondo Pia. ...
• »» 1931 - Guisseppe Enrie photographed the Shroud again with more advanced film technology confirming that the Shroud is indeed a negative image. ...
• Pierre Barbet, a prominent French Surgeon, published his landmark book, A Doctor at Calvary documenting 15 years of medical research on the Shroud image. He described the physiology and pathology of the man on the Shroud as "anatomically perfect". ...

• This organization is also very insturmental in the exhibition of the Holy Face and has assisted the Mission of the Shroud with its public exhibition of the photo of the face of Jesus, with his eyes open.
• The Holy Shroud Guild: www. shroud. ...
• Researchers, devotionals, travellers, collectors and expositionists of the true photos of the Holy Shroud of Turin. ... The Guild is your ultimate resource on the Holy Shroud of Turin.
• It was through the Holy Shroud Guild, the Mission of the Shroud has received a true replica of the Shroud of Turin, purchased by Bishop R. ...
• The Shroud of Turin: www. shroud. ...
• The official site of Barry Shwortz, Official Documenting Photographer for the Shroud of Turin Research Project, Inc. , (STURP), that completed the first extensive scientific examination of the Shroud of Turin in 1978. ...
• "Between October 8 and October 14, 1978, our team spent 120 hours with the Shroud of Turin. ...
• Various links and resources are available on the Holy Shroud of Turin.
• All original material © Mission of the Shroud - Roger Poisson 1989-2004 The Holy Shroud of Turin Zenit News Agency: www. ...
• As spiritual confessor to Roger Poission, Bishop Danylak has spoken about and written frequent testimonies on his experiences with the Mission of the Shroud. ...

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