More of the Straight Dope Answers To Tough Questions The Gospel According to Luke (X-XXIV): Introduction, Translation, and Notes (Anchor Bible, Vol 28A) Being Religious, American Style : A History of Popular Religiosity in the United States False Impressions Mammoth Encyclopedia of the Unsolved Desire of the Everlasting Hills : The World Before and After Jesus Shroud The Emperor of Scent : A Story of Perfume, Obsession, and the Last Mystery of the Senses

• THE SHROUD OF TURIN.
• 2000-FEB-25: Display of the shroud: The shroud was on display from 2000-AUG to OCT during the Jubilee year.
• 2000-MAR-9: Conferences on the shroud: According to ZENIT. org, a congress of scientists of various disciplines met from MAR-2 to 5 in Turin. 1 It was coordinated by the diocesan Commission for the Exhibition of the Holy Shroud. Although the attendees had individually reached widely varying conclusions about the nature and origin of the shroud, they all agreed that a carefully coordinated study of the shroud is needed. A series of 11 conferences will be held in Rome, under the auspices of the Roman Center for Shroud Research of Caravita. These will lead up to the exhibition of the shroud in Turin, from AUG- 12 to OCT-22. ...
• 2000-OCT-14: Proposal to clone DNA: A secretive group of 13 or 14 Christians called the Second Coming Project propose to obtain a small sample of DNA from the shroud or from a relic that people believe can be traced to Yeshua of Nazareth's (Jesus Christ's) body. ... There are obstacles to this project. ... " The project appears to be founded on the belief that Yeshua is the son of God and that this condition was determined by his DNA. ...  2 The project apparently failed, because there was no further information in the media. ...
• 2001-MAY-3: Shroud image may belong to Jacques de Molay:  Dr Robert Lomas is leading a study of the shroud at Bradford University. He suggests that the image and shroud may have been from Jacques de Molay, a medieval priest who traveled to Scotland seeking a safe refuge from persecution by the Christian Church for his Knights Temlar followers. ... These could have left an imprint on a shroud wrapped around him. ... It was de Charney's nephew's widow who first placed the shroud on public exhibition. ...

• A clue to the Shroud of Turin.
• Researchers may have pinpointed a force that could have created the Shroud of Turin, according to a Journal of Theoretics article by respected Shroud researcher M. ...
• Researchers may have pinpointed a force that could have created the Shroud of Turin, according to a Journal of Theoretics article by respected Shroud researcher M. ... 2001 issue explores how macro-scale quantum holography can project detailed two- and three-dimensional images onto other objects. ...
• Benford doesn't mention the Shroud in her study, but editors at the Journal titled the article "Science Explains the Image on the Shroud of Turin," believing the study's concept of holographic biophysical radiation offered a plausible scientific explanation for the Shroud's image. Benford and her colleagues plan to introduce evidence that links the Shroud image with quantum holography at the American Shroud of Turin Association for Research, Inc. ...

• Mapping of Research Test-Point Areas on the Shroud of Turin.
• During the October 1978 scientific examination of the Shroud of Turin, researchers used a system of magnets to mark and identify the specific test-point locations of a variety of data-gathering experiments performed on the Shroud. ... This paper reviews the marking system and the techniques used to produce the documentary photographs, lists the type and description of each test-point and describes the production of the final test-point maps, which are included to permit location of the exact data-points upon which project results are based.
• The Shroud of Turin Research Project, Inc. ... The purpose of the testing was to gather data that could determine the image formation process and explain the nature and physical properties of the image on the Shroud. Data was collected from all image components on the Shroud by each experiment performed, and included sampling from body imaqe areas, apparent blood and serum stains, water stains, light and heavy scorch marks and non-image background areas for control purposes. ... Magnets were placed on the Shroud corresponding to each data-point and photography was used to record them for four of the experiments that sampled various areas of the cloth. ...
• The non-destructive examination of the Shroud of Turin required mounting the cloth, with magnets, on a specially-designed stainless steel support table. ... Certain important examination points were preselected and numbered as part of the project's original test plan (1). ...
• Photographs were made separately for ventral and dorsal image areas of the Shroud to maximize final image size and resolution. ...
• The documentary slides were individually projected onto corresponding ventral or dorsal black and white 11" X 14" prints of the Shroud and support table, and landmark image components were visually superimposed and carefully registered. ...
• Identification of test points in the original test plan, and from preliminary visual examination of the Shroud itself, in some cases failed to determine an overlap of different image components (ie. ...
• (1) The Shroud of Turin Research Project, Inc. , "Operations Test Plan for Investigating the Shroud of Turin by Electromagnetic Radiation at Various Wavelengths," 1978, pp. ...
• Gilbert, "Ultraviolet-Visible Reflectance and Flourescence Spectra of the Shroud of Turin," Applied Optics, Vol. ...
• , "Physics and Chemistry of the Shroud of Turin, A Summary of the 1978 Investigation," Analytica Chimica Acta, No. ...

• Shroud of Turin Authenticity.
• Recently, several parishes have hosted talks on the Shroud of Turin. ...
• Many of the faithful sincerely believe that the Shroud of Turin is the actual burial cloth of our Lord, Jesus Christ. Without declaring its authenticity, Pope John Paul II has clearly attested to the value of the Shroud. For instance, in 1980, the Holy Father stated, "The Holy Shroud, the most splendid relic of the passion and the resurrection. " Almost ten years later, in April 1989, he was asked by reporters during an in-flight press conference on the way to Madagascar about the Shroud, and he responded, "At certainly is a relic. " Again, almost ten years later, when asked if the Shroud was genuine, the Pope said, AI think it is. ... The Holy Father has visited the Shroud both in 1978 and most recently this past June 1998.
• His predecessors have also viewed the Shroud favorably. Pope Pius XII stated, AA precious treasure, the Holy Shroud, which displays, both to move and comfort us, the image of the lifeless body and tortured face of Christ. ...
• However, to believe that the Shroud is the actual burial cloth of the Lord is not a matter of faith. ... As Cardinal Saldarini of Turin stated, "It’s not Christ, but something that brings us back to him. Salvation is not in the Shroud, even if it truly wrapped the martyred body of Jesus, even if it was mysteriously given by God to His Church. ...
• Nevertheless, the Church has been the official guardian of the Shroud for the House of Savoy, the former ruling family of Italy. In 1983, the Savoy family willed the Shroud to the Holy Father with the Archbishop of Turin serving as the Pontifical Guardian for the Conservation and Veneration of the Holy Shroud.
• Part of the uncertainty as to the authenticity of the Shroud arises from its historical record. Of course, the Shroud is believed to be the burial cloth used by Joseph of Arimathaea to wrap the body of Jesus for burial. Documentation shows that the Shroud indeed was displayed in the cities of Jerusalem, Edessa (500) and Constantinople (1092). King Louis VII of France venerated the shroud in Constantinople in 1147. In August 1203, Robert de Clari, a French crusader, reported seeing the Shroud in Constantinople. Although some gaps appear in its historical whereabouts, the Shroud has maintained a consistent presence. ...

• Plants shed light on Turin Shroud .
• Carbon dating suggested the shroud could only be 700 years old .
• The Shroud of Turin could genuinely be the burial cloth of Jesus, according to analysis of pollen grains taken from the controversial relic. ...
• Radiocarbon analysis carried out a decade ago suggested that the shroud dated back only as far as the 13th or 14th Century. ...
• Scientists maintained that those findings proved that the cloth, which has been held in the Italian city of Turin since 1578, was a medieval fake. ...
• The latest research lends support to those who believe the shroud was used to wrap Jesus's body after his crucifixion. ...
• The pollen grains were collected from the shroud some years ago. ...
• His researchers also said a type of pollen from a thistle visible near the shoulder of the man's image on the shroud was believed to have come from the plant used for Jesus's crown of thorns. ...
• Professor Danin told the International Botanical Congress in St Louis, in the US, that blood stains on the shroud were similar to those on the Sudarium. ...
• "The pollen association and the similarities in the blood stains in the two cloths provide clear evidence that the shroud originated before the 8th Century. ...
• However independent research carried out in the US has found no evidence of blood on the shroud - ruling out the link between it and the Sudarium, according to BBC Science's Toby Murcott. ...
• Critics say 1989's carbon dating analysis - which showed the shroud could be no more than 700 years old - remains the most compelling evidence of the shroud's age.
• New 'evidence' in Turin Shroud mystery.
• Pope's 'open mind' on Turin shroud.
• Turin Shroud: Back in the public gaze.
• Turin Shroud goes on view.

• Turin Shroud Books & Videos.
• The Second Messiah : Templars, the Turin Shroud and the Great Secret of Freemasonryby Christopher Knight & Robert Lomas .
• The authors, Freemasons, support the 1988 carbon dating results showing the shroud could not pre-date 1260. ... The authors identify precisely where and when the shroud came into existence and to name the people involved. ... In solving the riddle of the shroud this book unravels a far deeper mystery: how this medieval artifact links directly to Jesus.
• The Shroud of Turin and the C-14 Dating Fiasco.
• 50 Details Russian tests showing probability that the Shroud is close to 2000 years old and that the blood on the Shroud is real blood. ... John Heller and Alan Adler, the scientists who did the chemical work on the famous relic for the Shroud of Turin Research Project. ...
• Relic, Icon or Hoax? : Carbon Dating the Turin Shroud.
• Unlocking the Secrets of the Shroud    by Gilbert R. ...
• This book contains the summary and conclusions of the research of Gilbert R. ... who has pursued a medical and scriptural study of the Shroud of Turin over the past 20 years. ...
• The Shroud of Turin; An Adventure of Discovery.
• Discussion of various objects conforming to the archaeological record which point to the fact that the Shroud of Turin is authentic. The Whangers' photographic studies have enabled re-discovery of previously lost images: a Roman amulet about Christ's neck as well as other instruments and articles associated with the Crucifixion including the crown of thorns, nails, spear, sponge on a reed, hammer, pliers, scourges, dice; facts supported by archaeological research. ...
• Inquest on the Shroud of Turin : Latest Scientific Findings.

• The Shroud of Turin Enigma.
• This spring huge crowds clamored to Turin, Italy to see a rare public exhibition of the most controversial church relic known in Christendom, the Shroud of Turin. ... In 1532, a fire broke out in the church where the Shroud was kept in a silver reliquary. The heat of the fire caused one side of the reliquary to melt and molten silver fell upon one of the corners of the folded Shroud charring it somewhat. The repair work was entrusted to local Poor Clare nuns who carefully removed the burned portion of the Shroud and sewed new pieces of linen in their place. ... (The Shroud was also rescued from a fire in the chapel in 1997--this time suffering no damage).
• In 1898 an amateur photographer, Seconda Pia, took the first photographs of the Shroud causing a wave of new excitement because many of the features on the shroud were much clearer in the photographic negative than in the positive prints (see below). ...
• The Shroud has been in Turin, Italy since 1578. ... In the same year a team of reputable international scientists, STURP, (2) began intensively studying the Shroud (spending eventually over $5M). ... These studies, along with various others, combine to make the Shroud of Turin the most intensively studied single object in history. The tests showed that the Shroud images are not any kind of artistic production but are the result of physical/chemical changes in the linen fibers themselves. ... The colored stains on the Shroud were thought by some to be paint pigments, but others believed them to be blood, DNA and "bioplastics. ...
• Shroud researchers around the world then split into two camps: Those scientists who took the radio-carbon dates as the final word on the date, began to look for other sources for the shroud. Lynn Pickett and Clive Prince (3) built their case on the assumption that the church commissioned Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) to paint the Shroud. ... Knight and Lomas believe de Molay was crucified but did not immediately die and that the image on the Shroud of Turin is his. ...
• Ian Wilson, who has been involved in Shroud research for more than three decades, (5) builds a strong case for possible sources of error in the radio-carbon dating. He defends the historicity of the Shroud step by step prior to the time when it first went on public display in 1357. Wilson reviews all the available evidence and clearly shows that the case is not at all conclusive for a date of origin of the Shroud in the 14th or 15th Century. As a committed Christian, Wilson not only believes that the resurrection of Jesus Christ was an actual historic event, he suggests that the images on the Shroud can only be explained as some kind of "radiation flash" that occurred when the body of Jesus was transformed and raised from the dead on Easter morning. Some Bible scholars are willing to argue from the Bible alone that the Shroud is not typical of First-Century Israel (7), but Wilson does not overlook this criticism either. Wilson and others (6) call attention to the fact that the Shroud has always inspired faith in the Lord Jesus Christ and that it is not usually revered for its own sake.

• Shroud of Turin Interview with Barrie Schwortz.
• Official Documenting Photographer for the Shroud of Turin Research Project.
• shroud. ...

• The Shroud of Turin .
• British Society for the Turin Shroud - Gateway Page.
• Council for Study of the Shroud of Turin.
• Examine the Shroud.
• Holy Shroud of Turin .
• Science and the Shroud .
• Shroud of Turin Center in Richmond, Virginia .
• Shroud of Turin Research - McCrone Research Institute - Chicago.
• The Holy Shroud - The Official Website.
• The Shroud of Turin Education Project .
• The Shroud of Turin Story .
• The Shroud of Turin - Article Published in The Glyph, .

• Judgment Day for the Shroud of Turin.
• Ernst Martin, retired director of the Basel, Switzerland, Police Crime Lab - You were the first to conclude (1980) that the Turin Shroud is a fake. ...
• all of us here agree with your fourteenth-century date for the "Shroud" of Turin.
• Mary Virginia Orna, Chemistry, University of New Rochelle, NY - I am conviced the Shroud of Turin is a medieval forgery. ...
• Linus Pauling, Nobel Laureate - I must say that I think you should not worry about the Catholic Church in relation to the Turin Shroud. ...
• The Church - You are the one person to challenge the enduring mystery of the Shroud. The Turin Center of sindonology a. ... We are all in a challenging mood in Turin, having fought and won many a battle.
• After hurried and superficial evaluation, he rushed into print to charge that the Shroud is a painted fake.
• Kersten and Gruber in The Jesus Conspiracy - McCrone claimed that iron in the marks "Shroud" image was a clear indication of an iron oxide pigment. ...
• Read Judgment Day for the Shroud of Turin and decide for yourself who is right.
• This is a story of faith versus science as told by a scientist who spent many months, over nearly twenty years, working on the shroud of Turin and who concluded that the shroud is an inspired medieval painting. ... Walter McCrone is a scientist trained in chemistry, micro-analysis, materials analysis, painting authentification and chemical microscopy, with sixty-two years of research experience, both basic and applied, on problem solving with the microscope. ...
• McCrone was asked by the Catholic Church to submit a proposal for the study of the Shroud of Turin. Now, more than two decades later, he describes in detail his work on thirty-two samples with thousands of linen fibers from blood-, body-, and non-image areas removed from the shroud using sticky tape.
• Shroud of Turin Research Project (STURP), another group whose members concluded the shroud to be authentic, together with the efforts of the Church to make him see the errors of his ways and to agree with STURP.

• OHIO UNIVERSITY RECEIVES SHROUD OF.
• TURIN PHOTOGRAPHIC ARCHIVES .
• ATHENS, Ohio -- Ohio University has been given photographic archives of the first comprehensive scientific inquiry of the Shroud of Turin.
• The Shroud -- considered by some as tangible evidence of Christ on earth and dismissed by others as a medieval fake -- has retained many mysteries despite intensive analysis.
• Miller was chief photographer for the 1978 Shroud of Turin Research Project Inc. (STURP), which included a team of American scientists and researchers who spent more than two years preparing a series of tests that would gather a vast amount of data on the Shroud in a short period of time. The Shroud is a 14«-foot-long, 3«-foot-wide linen cloth that bears the front and back image of a scourged, crucified man. ...
• "The interest worldwide in the Shroud was stimulated by the first photographs of it in 1898, when photography was in its infancy," Miller said. ...
• In an April 20, 1998, cover story, Time magazine noted that although carbon-14 dating of the Shroud in 1988 yielded a date between 1260 and 1390, new theories have led some researchers to question the carbon date.
• , The Discovery Channel and The Learning Channel in connection with the current public exhibition of the Shroud -- only the fourth time this century that it has been placed on public display -- in Turin, Italy.
• "Bringing the archives to Ohio University will fulfill the wishes of both of these world-renowned photographers -- to place these archives in the scholarly environment of a research university that has the library resources to make these documents and images available to researchers worldwide. ...
• "Today a dream has been realized by our institution to place the photographic archives of the 1978 Shroud of Turin Research Project within the resources of Ohio University in Athens, Ohio," said Ernest H. ... This long working relationship is due to Ohio University's Adrie Nab who, with Brooks Institute's Vern Miller, sensed the value for a permanent home for the collection, which will allow for future research. I'm extremely pleased that we are transferring the archive and confidant that this addition to Ohio University's library collection will ensure the preservation of all Shroud of Turin photographic evidence. ...
• -- This poster of an early Shroud of Turin exhibition of scientific photographs is among archives being donated by Vernon Miller (center) of Brooks Institute of Photography. ... At right is Bryan McNulty, Ohio University assistant vice president for university relations, who received the first of the Shroud of Turin 1978 photographic archives on behalf of the university this weekend (May 10). ...

• Schwortz and The Shroud of Turin .
• As the Official Documenting Photographer for the Shroud of Turin Research Project, Inc. , (STURP), I was privileged to be a member of the team that completed the first extensive scientific examination of the Shroud of Turin in 1978. Between October 8 and October 14, 1978, our team spent 120 hours with the Shroud of Turin.
• In the earliest stages of my involvement , I wondered whether someone raised as an Orthodox Jew should be a part of such a "Christian" project. ... He urged me to "go to Turin and do the best job possible" and worry about "why and for what purpose" when I got back. ...
• As the Documenting Photographer for the project, I felt a responsibility to complete what I began, and make available some of the 2700 photographs and other materials I collected during the four years of the project. ... Frankly, I am still Jewish, yet I believe the Shroud of Turin is the cloth that wrapped the man Jesus after he was crucified. That is not meant as a religious statement, but one based on my privileged position of direct involvement with many of the serious Shroud researchers in the world, and a thorough knowledge of the scientific data, unclouded by media exaggeration and hype. The only reason I am still involved with the Shroud of Turin is because knowing the unbiased facts continues to convince me of its authenticity. ... " Very few of these "experts" ever took the time to research the subject, perhaps in part because so much of the information was hard to find.
• Over the years, my photographs have been used by Shroud researchers and have appeared in many books, magazines, scientific journals, films and television documentaries. Now, this website allows you to examine those same high quality photographs of the Shroud, review scientific papers and articles, find books and other information, access Shroud resources, obtain Shroud materials and even interact directly with Shroud researchers. (Think of it as the first Interactive Center for Shroud Study in Cyberspace!) And all without anyone insisting that you accept their "theory" about the image on the Shroud of Turin. ...
• shroud. ...
• Schwortz at bschwortz@shroud. ...

• Shroud of Turin.
• The Shroud of Turin is a Fake! The first recorded evidence of the Shroud of Turin is in 1357 AD in France; far removed from the time of Christ. Joe Nickell in his book Inquest into the Shroud of Turin, tells about a bishop's report to Pope Clement that told how the cloth was used in a healing scam to defraud pilgrims, and its image had been "cunningly painted" by a confessed artist. ...
• Secondly, In 1973 forensic tests for blood on the Shroud of Turin turned up negative. ...
• Thirdly, after analyzing samples from the Shroud microanalyst Walter McCrone discovered that both image and so called blood areas had been painted by an artist using a red ocher and vermilion tempera paint. There are pictures of this at his web site, see Latest Shroud Update. ...
• Fourthly, in 1978 examinations were done by STURP (Shroud of Turin Research Project). ...
• Fifthly, In 1988 samples of  the Shroud were radiocarbon dated by three independent labs which dated the Shroud between 1360 and 1390 AD. ... The Archbishop of Turin, Cardinal Giovanni Saldarini, has publicly challenged the sample's authenticity, and he says that he and the Vatican "declare that they cannot recognize the results of the claimed experiments. " Walter McCrone, who has "examined thousands of fibers from 32 different areas of the 'Shroud,'" contends that the fibers shown in the team's photomicrographs "did not come from the 'Shroud' of Turin. " (For more details see New "Shroud" Claims Challenged as Spurious.
• Anyone who has touched the shroud, cried over it, or a hair has fallen on it, can leave traces of human DNA on the shroud. ...
• Garza-Valdez also claimed that a microbial coating on the shroud altered the radiocarbon date. ...
• It has been claimed by Max Frei-Sulzer that he has found pollen on the shroud that only comes from Palestine. ...
• A retired psychiatrist, Alan Whanger and his wife have claimed to see all sorts of amazing things in the shroud like plant images, Roman coins, nails, a hammer, pliers, two scourges, two brush brooms, coil of rope, a cloak with a belt, sandals, Roman dice and much more. ...
• The shroud is one cloth with no marks of being wound. ... " There was a napkin around Jesus' head, not a one piece shroud. ...

• You are in: Arts and Humanities / Religion and Practices / Shroud of Turin / .
• Arts and Humanities > Religion and Practices > Shroud of Turin.
• The Shroud of Turin Website.
• This web site will keep you abreast of current research, provide you with accurate data from the previous research and let you interact with the researchers themselves. We believe that if you have access to the facts, you can make up your own mind about the Shroud. ...
• shroud. ...
• Welcome to Turin-Shroud. ...
• Welcome to Turin-Shroud. ...
• turin-shroud. ...
• An Open Letter to John Dominic Crossan & Shroud of Turin Forum.
• An Open Letter to John Dominic Crossan & Shroud of Turin Forum - Open D iscussion Ask questions, offer opinions, read what other think. ...
• Shroud ofTurin Home Page.
• Shroud ofTurin Home Page WELCOME ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ Scientific and Historical Research apropos. ...
• za/shroud/ .
• org La Sacra Sindone Italiano The Holy Shroud English E-mail Send message La S bana santa Espa ol Le Saint-Suaire Fran ais Arcidiocesi di Torino - La Bussola. ...
• Shroud of Turin Education Project.

• PILATE'S COINS AND TURIN SHROUD .
• We will not enter into the arguments between the partisans and the adversaries of the authenticity of this shroud. ... The "verdict" drawn from carbon 14 test was delivered in 1988: its conclusions was that the shroud is a work dating from the beginning of the 14th century. ... Worse was to come: in 1997, an Italian archaeologist, Maria Siliato, demonstrated that the samples of cloth analysed had a 2 times higher density than the shroud. In 1999, researches from the Hebraic University of Jerusalem affirmed, after a study of the pollens in the shroud, that this object had been present in the region of what is now Israel at an earlier period than the 8th century. ...
• One might well say that the Turin shroud guards its mystery to this day. ...
• At this time researchers Jackson, Jumper and Stephenson wanted to test the capacities of their VP8 new computer, specially for three dimensional extrapolation, so they submitted the face on the shroud for analysis. ...
• What credibility may be given to these "discoveries" ? Like everything else touching on the Turin Shroud, each discovery, whether in favour of its authenticity or against, is immediately contested by supporters holding the opposite view. The thesis of Pilateõs coins on the eyes is neither more or less argued about than any other discovery or supposition concerning this shroud. ...
• shroud. ...
• Pontius Pilate Coins: Introduction | Varieties | Countermarks | Shroud of Turin | Book| Menorah Coin Project.

• The Shroud of Turin on Mars .
•   Turns out that the same scientists that "discovered" the "Face on Mars" worked extensively on the 1978 Shroud of Turin Research Project (STURP).   These scientist were responsible for taking precise images of the shroud as well as processing the digital pictures received from the Viking space craft that first imaged the now famous "Face on Mars". ...
•   The first set of images here are from the original 1970's Viking frame 70A13 and an image of the face found on the Shroud of Turin. ...
•     The next set of images compares the latest high resolution images of the face on Mars taken with the Mars Orbital Camera in April of 1998 with a recent three-D version of the face on the Shroud of Turin. ...
•     What does this mean?  Nothing more than that the "Face on Mars" resembles the face on the Shroud of Turin. ...

• IN THE NEWS (SHROUD OF TURIN).
• >>Subject: Re: IN THE NEWS (SHROUD OF TURIN) .
• >that the match of pollen grains pushes the shroud's date to a similar .
• >the two cloths provide clear evidence that the shroud originated before .
• APOSTLE LEE Terry, There is no ‘blood stains” on the shroud. “The Shroud of Turin, a linen cloth measuring 1. ... A group of scientists from the Shroud of Turin Research Project (STURP) spent five days and nights in Turin in October 1978 examining the Shroud. These scientists identified the Turin Shroud image as blood and oxidized/dehydrated cellulose3. ... My microscopical studies were made on thousands of fibers and particles on the 32 Shroud tapes, each about 5 cm2 in area. ... ” Red Ochre and Vermilion on Shroud Tapes? Walter C McCrone, McCrone Research Institute, Chicago, Illinois .
• >And assuming that this is a shroud that was laid on a dead .
• >He was supposedly wrapped in the shroud, but why would that mean he did .
• Previous message: IN THE NEWS (SHROUD OF TURIN) .

• Shroud of Turin.
•   The Christ image is a photograph taken by Barrie Schwortz during his 1978 Shroud of Turin Research Project (STURP). ...
• Shroud Guidance.
• The idea to teach a class about the Shroud came to me. Since I didn’t know much about the Shroud I went on the internet and found the site Shroud. ... Max Frei who was a Swiss criminologist who took sticky tape samples off of the Shroud cloth. ...
• I wrote to the author of the Shroud web site (Barrie Schwortz) and told him how strange that a criminologist would be working on such an important historical religious artifact. ... He was the documenting photographer for the Shroud of Turin Research Project (STURP) which conducted the first scientific studies on the Shroud in 1978. ...
• In my quest to learn about the Shroud I became friends with Mr. ... Schwortz if I could use his photograph to create a Shroud shrine out of a rhea egg (bird from South America). ...   The image provided was a dark black and white image and I needed something in the warm gold tones closer to the actual colors of the Shroud cloth. ... My heart told me I had to do this project right! .
• Schwortz called me and liked what I had done and told me to go ahead and use the image I color enhanced for the Shroud egg. ...
• The timing of this project was out of my hands. ...
• In meditation I asked to see a design for the Shroud egg. ...
• Then I had to learn about the flower pollen samples found on the Shroud so I could include the right flowers in the egg. I had fun learning about the various flower types from a book titled “Flora of the Shroud of Turin”, by Avinoam Danin, Alan D. ... The other amazing thing is that scientists know this flower was placed on the Shroud cloth in the spring because of the blossoms that are imprinted on the fabric. ...

• THE SKEPTICAL SHROUD OF TURIN WEBSITE.
• | Home | Organizations | Resources | Bad Geology | Creationism | Environmentalism | Medicine | Shroud of Turin | Theism | UFOs | .
• THE SKEPTICAL SHROUD OF TURIN WEBSITE presents the historical, artistic, scientific, and microscopic evidence that demonstrates that the Shroud of Turin is a medieval artifact and forgery. The Shroud was created by an artist to lure faithful Fourteenth Century pilgrims to visit a relic for the purpose of supporting their religious faith and soliciting their offerings, and this unfortunate, unethical practice continues in the late Twentieth Century. ...
• This website will include links to (1) all skeptical resources about the Shroud of Turin on the World-Wide Web, (2) links (as counter-examples) to the major pro-authenticity Shroud websites and articles, and (3) links to news stories about the Shroud that are (a) skeptical, (b) balanced, or (c) lack skepticism and all too commonly imply or explicitly promote its authenticity. ... The Skeptical Shroud of Turin website was created to resist this journalistic trend--a trend that panders to public ignorance and credulity--and we wish instead to encourage careful investigation of mysterious phenomena and public education using properly-interpreted scientific and scholarly evidence.
• The Skeptical Shroud of Turin Website • Steven Schafersman .
• A Skeptic's View of the Shroud: Blood, Pollen, and Paint • A PowerPoint presentation by Steven Schafersman that discusses the Shroud of Turin from a skeptical point of view. ...
• New Shroud Books Promote Credulity and Continue the Deception (forthcoming) .
• Review of the Evidence that the Shroud of Turin is an Artifact and Forgery (forthcoming).
• Hedges A note concerning the application of radiocarbon dating to the Turin Shroud .
• McCrone Red ochre and vermilion on Shroud tapes? .
• Niccolo Caldararo The status of research into the authenticity of the Shroud .
• Steven Schafersman Unraveling the Shroud of Turin.
• New "Shroud" Claims Challenged as Spurious (June 1996) .
• Shroud of Turin Exhibition Renews False Claims of Authenticity (April 1998).

• Home : News Recent Shroud Claims Based on Earlier, Scientifically Discredited Data.
• --New claims that pollen grains on the Shroud of Turin link it to pre-eighth-century Jerusalem were made August 2 by researchers at the International Botanical Congress in St. ...
• It was reported that pollens on the shroud proved it came from Palestine, but the source for the pollens was a freelance criminologist, Max Frei, who once pronounced the forged "Hitler Diaries" genuine. Frei's tape-lifted samples from the Shroud were controversial from the outset since similar samples taken by the Shroud of Turin Research Project in 1978 had comparatively few pollens. As it turned out, after Frei's tapes were examined following his death in 1983, they also had very few pollens--except for a particular one that bore a suspicious cluster on the "lead" (or end), rather than on the portion that had been applied to the shroud. ...
• Accompanying the unscientific pollen evidence were claims that faint plant images have been "tentatively" identified on the shroud. These follow previous "discoveries" of "Roman coins" over the eyes and even Latin and Greek words, such as "Jesus" and "Nazareth," that some researchers see-Rorschach-like-in the shroud's mottled stains. The floral images were reported by a psychiatrist who has taken up image analysis and made other discredited claims about the shroud image.
• The Associated Press reported claims that the shroud bears type AB blood stains. Perhaps this erroneous information has its origin in other fake shrouds of Jesus, since the Shroud of Turin's stains are not only suspiciously red (unlike genuine blood that blackens with age) but they failed batteries of tests by internationally known forensic experts. ...
• Uncritical reportage suggested the Shroud of Turin gained credibility by being linked to another notorious cloth, the Sudarium of Oviedo, which some believe was the "napkin" that covered Jesus' face. ... It has no historical record prior to the eighth century and, in contrast to the shroud, lacks a facial image. The supposed matching of bloodstains on the Turin and Oviedo cloths is but another exercise in wishful thinking. ...
• The assertion that blood and pollen matching prove the Shroud of Turin dates to at least the eighth century is--based on the evidence--absurd. The shroud cloth was radiocarbon dated to circa 1260-1390 by three separate laboratories. ...
• As in the past, claims that the Turin cloth may be authentic are simply based on "shroud science"--an approach that begins with the desired answer. In contrast, genuine science demonstrates emphatically that the shroud image is the work of a medieval artist and that the cloth never held a body--let alone that of Jesus.

• Interesting links about the Shroud of Turin:.
• shroud. ...
• Shroud of Turin website. ... Schwortz, a former member of thel STURP (The Shroud of Turin Research Project) that in 1978 carried out the first scientific examination of the Shroud. ...
• Site about hte study of the Turin Shroud, the Sudarium of Oviedo and other relics.
• shroud. ...
• Turin Shroud Center of Colorado.

• Shroud of Turin.
• Shroud of Turin.
• Shroud of Turin - Selected Resources.
• Inquest on the Shroud of Turin: Latest Scientific Findings.
• The Case of the Shroud: What Happens When Faith Attempts a Science Project, in Free Inquiry.
• Science Confronts the Paranormal (includes "The Shroud of Turin: A Critical Appraisal").
• Looking for a Miracle: Weeping Icons, Relics, Stigmata, Visions & Healing Cures (includes a section on the Shroud of Turin in "Miraculous Pictures").
• Skeptics and True Believers: The Exhilarating Connection between Science and Religion (includes information on the Shroud of Turin in "Miracles and Explanations").
• Exhibit Planned, Tests Sought as Shroud of Turin Finds New Life, in The Washington Times.
• Maximizing Indeterminacy: On Collage in Writing, Film, Video, Installation and Other Artistic Realms (as Well as the Shroud of Turin), in Afterimage.
• Click here for more books and articles on the Shroud of Turin Shroud of Turin - Related Resources.
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• Shroud of Turin.
• "1898 Secondo Pia photographed the Shroud and found that the image seemed to be a negative image since his negative glass plates showed a positive image". 1931 Giuseppe Enrie, a professional photographer took new photographs of the Shroud. ... 1955 Monsignor Guilio Ricci studied the Sudarium of Oviedo, believed to be the face cloth used on Jesus before his burial, and discovered striking similarities of blood stain patterns on the Sudarium with those on the Shroud. ... Max Frei took particle samples from the Shroud by rubbing transparent sticky tape into the surface of the cloth. ... 1976 Research physicists Dr. ... Eric Jumper discovered that the Shroud image produced a 3-dimensional image when analyzed with the Interpretation Systems VP-8 Image Analyzer at the Sandia Scientific Laboratories in Albuquerque, New Mexico. ... 1978 A team of over forty scientists, the Shroud of Turin Research Project (STURP) conducted a comprehensive investigation of the Shroud. Detailed photographs were taken, particulate matter was collected using sticky tape and detailed scientific observations and analysis about the Shroud were extensively documented. This material has been the basis for much of the subsequent research on the Shroud. 1988 A small sample of the Shroud's linen fabric was tested using carbon 14 dating methods. ... Kouzenetsov demonstrated through experiments that a fire such as the one in 1532 would, in fact, modify the carbon 14 to carbon 12 ratio in the Shroud's fabric.
• These included: The body produced a vapor or chemical gas that imprinted the image on the cloth: This theory was first advanced by Paul Vignon who also established the pattern of markings found on the Shroud and early depictions of Jesus in art. ... The characteristic of the image is dehydration and oxidation in the same way as the Shroud image was formed. The process, however, is very slow and we know from the forensic evidence that the image of the man on the Shroud shows no sign of decay. ... Scorching produced by heat results in dehydration and oxidation of linen fibers and darkens the linen in very much the same way as the image on the Shroud. But scorched linen fluoresces under ultraviolet light (because of chemical by-products) and the image of the man on the Shroud does not. ... ) Significantly, what can possibly explain a body producing enough heat to scorch a piece of linen or a statue producing the precise level of heat needed? Heat simply cannot produce the level of detail found in the Shroud since it disperses in all directions. X-Ray: Giles Carter, a Shroud researcher has suggested the possibility that the body emitted x-rays. ...

• New questions about the shroud, part one.
• Once a week, Barrie Schwortz digs into the computer data that describe who is using his Web site dedicated to news, photographs and scientific papers about the Shroud of Turin.
• Nevertheless, a trained eye can spot the Los Alamos National Labs, the Lawrence Livermore National Labs, the National Science Foundation and other research centers.
• And out in cyberspace, there are clusters of NASA folks who are still curious about that 14-foot herringbone sheet at the Cathedral of Turin. ...
• "Carbon dating is like the Holy Grail of science for a lot of people," said Schwortz, the official photographer for the 1978 Shroud of Turin Research Project. "But if the carbon dating had really proven, definitively, that the shroud was fake, nobody would be hitting my site except religious fanatics. ...
• The shroud will be displayed between Aug. ...
• The problem is that each shroud study seems to raise new questions, while providing few rock-solid answers. ...
• The 1978 project yielded a treasure drove of data and research materials, including the 2,700 photographs that form the backbone of the Schwortz internet site (www. shroud. com) and his upcoming book with British historian Ian Wilson, "The Turin Shroud: The Illustrated Evidence. " But research money all but vanished after the carbon-14 test results and waves of headlines proclaiming "The Shroud is a Fake. ...
• Meanwhile, critics kept suggesting ways that the shroud could have been created. ... It seems like we have proven that the shroud doesn't exist. ...
• By 1995, Schwortz said he was sickened to realize that the only place Americans could read about the Shroud of Turin was in supermarket checkout lines. ...
• But behind the scenes, research was proceeding -- work that is chronicled in a growing number of Web sites. There has been new work in Israel focusing on plant pollens that could help scientists trace the shroud's history, on characteristics of the cloth samples that may have skewed the carbon-dating process and on fascinating similarities between the shroud and the Sudarium Christi (Face Cloth of Christ) in the Cathedral of Oviedo, Spain.

• Gregg will be presenting a unique program not offered anywhere else: The Mystery and Meaning of the Shroud of Turin :.
• New Evidence of Quantum Processes For the Man in the Shroud.
• Witness rare images, created from state-of-the-art technology, documenting the mystery, and 5 year study, of the man in the shroud. ...
• In an, educational and responsible setting, this program offers a non-religious, non-denominational report of the 1978 Shroud of Turin Research Project(STRUP) study, subsequent findings, new evidence of quantum processes, and a context within which the Shroud of Turin offers meaning in our lives. ...
• While we may never know precisely whose image is emblazoned upon the ancient linen, one fact remains clear: the man in the shroud experienced a process that Twentieth-century science has failed to explain. ...
• In 1898, the mysterious 14' 3" long by 3' 5" wide linen sheet, known as the Shroud of Turin, was photographically documented for the first time. ... Matching the Biblical description of the crucifixion of Christ, the validity of the shroud has been in question since it appeared in Western Europe in 1353, far from its suspected origins in the Holy Lands over 300 years earlier. ...
• Since the time of the first photographs, improved techniques of imaging, and new discoveries in quantum physics, have offered fresh insight into the man in the shroud and the source of his image. ...
• In 1988, the Catholic Church commissioned a study to investigate the shroud. ... Making worldwide headlines, the 1988 study concluded that there was no human blood on the cloth and that the shroud should not be considered authentic. ...
• Ten years earlier, in 1978, an unprecedented effort to unlock the mystery of the shroud began, as 40 scientists initiated a study that would last for 5 years. Representing the most sophisticated laboratories of the time, including Los Alamos National Laboratories, Sandia Laboratories, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratories (JPL), the investigators were given rare access to the shroud following the public display of that year, working in shifts around the clock for five continuous days to gather their data. Completed in 1983, the Shroud of Turin Research Project's (STURP's) findings were disclosed through specialized scientific committees and technical journals, receiving very little attention from mainstream media and the general public. ...
• Through his studies of the Shroud, Braden was given access to 63 of the more than 10,000 images that documented the 1978 Shroud of Turin Research Project, as well as some of the most intriguing of the findings. Among this collection are rare images of the x-ray, ultraviolet and infra-red thermography studies, providing greater detail into the processes experienced by the man in the shroud than possible from routine examination. Additional portions of the study detail blood analysis, state-of-the-art 3-D imaging and a report from the Deputy Coroner and Forensic Pathologist of Los Angeles County regarding the condition of the body in the shroud and the probable source of injuries. ...

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