Relics: The Shroud of Turin, the True Cross, the Blood of Januarius...History, Mysticism, and the Catholic Church Science, History, and the Shroud of Turin In Search of the Shroud of Turin: New Light on Its History and Origins The Shroud of Turin: The Mystery Unraveled The Shroud of Turin: Unraveling the Mystery: Proceedings of the 1998 Dallas Symposium Holy Shroud of Turin The Second Messiah: Templars, the Turin Shroud and the Great Secret of Freemasonry The Shroud of Turin: An Adventure of Discovery The Shroud of Turin and the C-14 Dating Fiasco

• The holy Shroud of Turin.
• The Shroud of Turin dates to A. ... The shroud is a linen sheet that for at least six centuries has been reputed to be the one in which the corpse of Jesus Christ was wrapped and entombed after the Crucifixion. Radiocarbon tests of a single sampling of cloth from a word and controversial corner of the shroud produced a date from the mid-fourteenth century. Despite this finding, there are many puzzling, inexplicable elements about the cloth and the image on it, and many people continue to believe that it may be the shroud of Christ. The shroud measures 14 feet 3 inches long by 3 feet 7 inches wide, and bears faint front and back negative images of a man who has been crucified. ...
• False claims were commonly made, for the Shroud of Christ would be among the holiest of relics, with potential benefits of immense riches and power. But one of these relics may actually have been what later became known as the Turin Shroud. ... Some evidence indicates that the Mandylion, which probably dates at least from the sixth century, was a smaller cloth than the Turin specimen. ...
• Although the written record reveals no unequivocal mention of the Turin Shroud until late in the Middle Ages, there are early pictorial renderings that support its existence prior to this time. Of the more certain references to the shroud, the oldest is that of a Byzantine tremissis. This late seventh-century coin, which bears a frontal bust of Christ, has some twenty-one features with matching representations on the shroud. The peculiarities on this coin can best be explained as meticulously depicted flaws in the weave of the shroud, which was used as the engraver’s model. The multitude of matching features suggests the shroud was in existence at least as early as about A. ... 690, when the coin was engraved, and in turn implies that the shroud was already, in Byzantine tradition, considered a holy cloth connected with Christ. ...
• Another significant artifact that supports the existence of the shroud prior to the thirteenth century is the Hungarian Pray Manuscript, an illuminated manuscript that dates from 1192 to 1195, some sixty-five to two hundred years earlier than the age of the Turin cloth as determined by modern radiocarbon tests. Continuing along the trail of evidence for a pre-thirteenth-century shroud, a description can be found of a shroud seen in Constantinople by the French knight Robert de Clari during the sack of the city in 1204 by soldiers of the Fourth Crusade. ...

• Shroud of Turin Topics.
• I think the the truth about the Shroud of Turin is somewhere between the prima facie case that is a medieval fake relic and the ebullient claims of some who stretch science to argue that the images were miraculously induced and thus evidence of the Resurrection. ...
• Once a skeptic about the Shroud, I now think it is an authentic artifact of the burial of Jesus of Nazarethâ ”and therefore the earliest historical document we have about the day that he was crucified. ...
• Iâ ™m not sure what to make of the Shroud after many years of active study about it. I welcome your thoughts on the Shroud. ...
• Plant Images and Pollen Grains on the Shroud .
• Why We May Believe the Shroud is Not Medieval .
• Why We May Think the Shroud is Medieval .
• shroud. ...
• « Questioning the dâ ™Arcis Memorandum | Main | Plant Images and Pollen Grains on the Shroud » .
• The path of the Sudarium links its origin to the same time and place of the Shroud. Moreover, forensic analysis of the bloodstains suggests strongly that both the Sudarium and the Shroud covered the same human head at nearly the same time. ... It was then removed before the Shroud was placed over the manâ ™s face. ...
• â � Guscinâ ™s report detailed recent findings of the history, forensic pathology, blood chemistry, and stain patterns on the Sudarium. His conclusion: the Sudarium and the Shroud of Turin had been used to cover the same injured head at closely different times. ...
• The Sudarium contains pollen grains of Gundelia tournefortii, identical to that found of the Shroud that grows only east of the Mediterranean Sea as far north as Lebanon and as far south as Jerusalem. The blood (stain symmetry, type and other indicators) on the Sudarium matches the blood on the Shroud. In summary, Guscin wrote: There are many points of coincidence between all these points and the Shroud of Turin - the blood group, the way the corpse was tortured and died, and the macroscopic overlay of the stains on each cloth. This is especially notable in that the blood on the Sudarium, shed in life as opposed to postmortem, corresponds exactly in blood group, blood type and surface area to those stains on the Shroud on the nape of the neck. If it is clear that the two cloths must have covered the same corpse, and this conclusion is inevitable from all the studies carried out up to date, and if the history of the Sudarium can be trustworthily extended back beyond the fourteenth century, which is often referred to as the Shroudâ ™s first documented historical appearance, then this would take the Shroud back to at least the earliest dates of the Sudariumâ ™s known history. The ark of relics and the Sudarium have without any doubt at all been in Spain since the beginning of the seventh century, and the history recorded in various manuscripts from various times and geographical areas take it all the way back to Jerusalem in the first century. The importance of this for Shroud history cannot be overstressed. ...

• Second Messiah: Templars, the Turin Shroud and the Great Secret of Freemasonry.
• Second Messiah: Templars, the Turin Shroud and the Great Secret of Freemasonry .
• Book > Second Messiah: Templars, the Turin Shroud and the Great Secret of Freemasonry > Customer Reviews: .
• Second Messiah: Templars, the Turin Shroud and the Great Secret of Freemasonry > Customer Review #1: Even Better Than The Hiram Key .
• They introduce many topics in search of answers to a list of questions they have posed to research on behalf of their audience (who is probably any open minded person in search of theories about The Turin Shroud, scholars interested in The Knights Templar, or people wondering about the origins of Freemasonry. ...
• This book in many ways was more interesting and exciting than their also excellent "Hiram Key" if only because they covered more ground in history.
• Second Messiah: Templars, the Turin Shroud and the Great Secret of Freemasonry > Customer Review #2: Riveting but a bit ficticious in places. ...
• In the end I was left with the feeling that the authors have an agenda to push and that at times they blatently look over or try to reinvent some aspects of documented history. ...
• Second Messiah: Templars, the Turin Shroud and the Great Secret of Freemasonry > Customer Review #3: A must read for any serious Masonic scholar .
• Second Messiah: Templars, the Turin Shroud and the Great Secret of Freemasonry > Related Products .

• Second Messiah: Templars, the Turin Shroud and the Great Secret of Freemasonry.
• Second Messiah: Templars, the Turin Shroud and the Great Secret of Freemasonry .
• Book > Second Messiah: Templars, the Turin Shroud and the Great Secret of Freemasonry > Customer Reviews: .
• Second Messiah: Templars, the Turin Shroud and the Great Secret of Freemasonry > Customer Review #1: Interesting .
• There is quite a case presented for the "Shroud of Turin" being the image of a master mason and not that of Jesus Christ. Read the history of the shroud that was tracked down along with the many missing years and its first documented appearance. ...
• This book also offers much of the history of the freemasons and the persecution and flight from Jerusalem to Scotland and their spread across the world. ...
• Second Messiah: Templars, the Turin Shroud and the Great Secret of Freemasonry > Customer Review #2: Interesting read .
• The shroud of Turin and its connection with the Templar legends is also interesting. ...
• Second Messiah: Templars, the Turin Shroud and the Great Secret of Freemasonry > Customer Review #3: An Example of Terrible Methods .
• that is, to explain a Freemason conspiracy, the shroud of Turin, or the connection with the Templar Knights. ...
• Second Messiah: Templars, the Turin Shroud and the Great Secret of Freemasonry > Related Products .

•     You are Here: Articles > History Today > Sept, 2000 > Article Sponsored Links Content provided in partnership with Print article  Tell a friend  Find subscription deals The Turin Shroud. (Review) (book review)History Today, Sept, 2000Continued from page 1.
• The Shroud itself was first recorded as being in the possession of Geoffrey de Charny, a relatively lowly French soldier from near Troyes who died at the battle of Poitiers in 1356. ... The French ecclesiastical authorities attacked the Shroud's authenticity, and it remained in Charny's family until 1453, when it passed to the dukes of Savoy, who moved it to Chambery where it was damaged by fire in 1532. After being mended, patched and a strong backing cloth applied, it was taken to Turin, attracting vast crowds in the Counter-Reformation period. ...
• There are no conclusive reports of the Shroud before Charny, but Ian Wilson points to a number of references to a cloth `miraculously' imprinted with Jesus's face (and in some versions his whole body), that was historically preserved in Edessa (present-day Urfa in eastern Turkey) at least as early as the sixth century AD, with hints and traditions stretching it back still earlier. ... Meanwhile a manuscript of the 1190s, now in Budapest, depicting the deposition from the cross, appears to show the body of Jesus being wrapped in a shroud very similar to the Turin Shroud, even down to the unusual herringbone weave and several distinctive damage holes on the cloth.
• One important task now is to use modern digital technology to record the Shroud non-invasively, and make the results available digitally to all researchers. ...
• The Turin Shroud: The Illustrated Evidence Book Reviews .

• The Shroud of Turin is probably the most famous (and most controversial) image of Christ.
• The Holy Shroud of Turin is more famous and more controversial now than at any time in its long history. The precise length of that history is of course one of its most hotly-contested secrets. ... 5 metres in length, this linen cloth, bearing the clear imprint of a dead, crucified man, was brought to Turin in 1578, but reliable documents tell us that it was known in France over 200 years earlier.
• Ironically, the reputation of the shroud has been raised and dashed by technology: raised by the technology of the 19th century and dashed by that of the 20th. The first photograph was taken in 1898, and the negative which emerged from the developing tank created a sensation, revealing for the first time ever a positive image of the crucified man, since the shroud itself is a negative. ...
• In the 1970s and 80s, the shroud was the subject of intense popular fascination. In an age dominated by pictures and images of all kinds, the shroud was a big story, promising a flash photograph of one of the most famous and elusive faces of all time. ...

•   Home > Catholic Encyclopedia > S > The Holy Shroud (of Turin) .
• The Holy Shroud (of Turin).
• This name is primarily given to a relic now preserved at Turin, for which the claim is made that it is the actual "clean linen cloth" in which Joseph of Arimathea wrapped the body of Jesus Christ (Matthew 27:59). ... If the marks we perceive were caused by human body, it is clear that the body (supine) was laid lengthwise along one half of the shroud while the other half was doubled back over the head to cover the whole front of the body from the face to the feet. The arrangement is well illustrated in the miniature of Giulio Clovio, which also gives a good representation of what was seen upon the shroud about the year 1540. ...
• The cloth now at Turin can be clearly traced back to the Lirey in the Diocese of Troyes, where we first hear of it about the year 1360. ... Since 1578 it has remained at Turin where it is now only exposed for veneration at long intervals. ...
• That the authenticity of the Shroud of Turin is taken for granted, in various pronouncements of the Holy See cannot be disputed. An Office and Mass "de Sancta Sindone" was formerly approved by Julius II in the Bull "Romanus Pontifex" of 25 April, 1506, in the course of which the Pope speaks of "that most famous Shroud (proeclarissima sindone) in which our Savior was wrapped when he lay in the tomb and which is now honorably and devoutly preserved in a silver casket. ... Composed by his predecessor, Sixtus IV, in which Sixtus states that in the Shroud "men may look upon the true blood and portrait of Jesus Christ himself. ... , also claimed to be the authentic linen sindon provided by Joseph of Arimathea, but until the close of the last century no great attack was made upon the genuineness of the Turin relic. In 1898 when the Shroud was solemnly exposed, permission was given to photograph it and a sensation was caused by the discovery that the image upon the linen was apparently a negative -- in other words that the photographic negative taken from this offered a more recognizable picture of a human face than the cloth itself or any positive print. ... Paul Vignon read a remarkable paper before the Académie des Sciences in which he maintained that the impression upon the Shroud was a "vaporigraph" caused by the ammoniacal emanations radiating from the surface of Christ's body after so violent a death. ... The image upon the Shroud was therefore a natural negative and as such completely beyond the comprehension or the skill of any medieval forger. ...
• Owing mainly to the researches of Canon Ulysse Chevalier a series of documents was discovered which clearly proved that in 1389 the Bishop of Troyes appealed to Clement VII, the Avignon Pope then recognized in France, to put a stop to the scandals connected to the Shroud preserved at Lirey. It was, the Bishop declared, the work of an artist who some years before had confessed to having painted it but it was then being exhibited by the Canons of Lirey in such a way that the populace believed that it was the authentic shroud of Jesus Christ. The pope, without absolutely prohibiting the exhibition of the Shroud, decided after full examination that in the future when it was shown to the people, the priest should declare in a loud voice that it was not the real shroud of Christ, but only a picture made to represent it. ... Moreover, the grave suspicion thus thrown upon the relic is immensely strengthened by the fact that no intelligible account, beyond wild conjecture, can be given of the previous history of the Shroud or its coming to Lirey. ...

• The Shroud of Turin.
• The Shroud of Turin is a piece of linen which is purported to be the burial cloth of Jesus Christ. ...
• The existence of the Shroud of Turin was first concretely documented in 1350. In 1532 the Shroud was damaged by a fire in the Sainte Chapelle in Chambéry, France, where it was being housed. In 1578 it was moved to the Cathedral of Turin, Italy, and has remained there since. On special occasions the Catholic Church has authorized public display of the Shroud, offering curious spectators a rare glimpse of the famous faded image.
• The Shroud is one of the most studied and scrutinized artifacts in history. ... Is the Shroud of Turin the burial cloth of Christ? Or is it simply a clever fake? .
• Many scientists hold firmly to the belief that the Shroud is authentic, while others insist it is a forgery. This paper will outline the evidence pointing to the First Century and Middle Eastern origin of the Shroud. Different aspects of the Shroud will be described, including dating techniques, the linen, the image, and the blood stains. As the evidence will indicate, the Shroud of Turin is truly the burial cloth of a man crucified during the First Century in the Middle East.
• Dating the Turin Shroud.
• Critics of the Shroud’s authenticity cite as evidence the radiocarbon dating of the Shroud. ... Any living organism (such as the flax plant used to make the linen of the Shroud) contains a fixed amount of carbon. ...
• The Shroud was carbon dated in 1988 and the results were announced at a highly publicized press conference. The scientists conducting the experiment dated the Shroud between 1260 and 1390. Does this mean the Shroud is a fake? Definitely not. ...

• THE TRUTH ABOUT THE SHROUD OF TURIN .
• (black-and-white photograph of the Shroud of Turin showing distinct burn pattern) .
• In February, 1989, the respected scientific journal Nature published the results of extensive radiocarbon dating tests conducted on pieces of the Shroud of Turin, and issued the definitive proclamation that the Shroud was a medieval forgery. The tests showed that the manufacture of the Shroud dated from somewhere between 1260-1390, with the probable year being set at 1325.
• This result was exactly what the majority of those testing the Shroud had expected to find. ...
• The most puzzling of these lingering conundrums was the matter of the negative image on the Shroud. If it was faked in or around 1325, why should it be a perfect negative image, when no such thing as a negative image was known about until the invention of the photographic process five centuries later? No one had even realized that the Shroud figure was negative until the first photograph of the image was taken in 1898. And at that time, no one would believe it -- it was over thirty years before a second set of photographs proved that the first man to take pictures of the Shroud had not somehow doctored the images in the darkroom.
• Another lingering puzzle was the accurate anatomy of the figure, which is imaged on the Shroud not only from the front but from the back as well (the body was laid upon one half of the long, narrow grave cloth, and the other half was folded over it). ...
• Another question arises from the numerous bloodstains on both the front and back of the figure on the Shroud. ...
• The wounds on the figure carry their own challenge to debunkers of the Shroud. ... The face of the Shroud figure is swollen and disfigured by what was evidently a severe beating. ...
• It is possible to get a very clear impression from the Shroud as to their exact shape -- they resembled small dumbbells about one and one-half inches in length.
• The figure on the Shroud exhibits cuts made by a crown of thorns pressed forcefully down over the head, so that the blood flowed freely, and also a wound in the right side just under the nipple of the kind that might be made by the point of a spear thrust into the body from a low angle (the wound appears to be on the figure's left side in the photograph above, but remember that the image on the Shroud, if genuine, is a reflected image). ...
• Fairly recently in the history of the Shroud a new riddle has come up. Modern computer-imaging techniques have revealed that the image on the Shroud is a nearly perfect three-dimension representation of a human face and body. ...

• Principal dates relative to the study of the Shroud .
• The narrative of her quest, is written by Eusebius of Caesarea (265-340) in his book 'Ecclesiastical History' .
• Evagrius Scholasticus, writes his ecclesiastical history in which he mentions the image of Edessa as "created by God, and not produced by the hands of man". ...
• On it can be seen a representation of the abandoned Shroud with marks corresponding to the first set of burn marks that can be seen today on the Shroud of Turin. ...
• In effect the blood stains are in a pattern relatively similar to that of the stains appearing on the Shroud, and the blood group of these stains is the same as that of the Shroud A+. ...
• The Holy Shroud is probably at Athens .
• First display of the Holy Shroud at Lirey (Champagne, France) .
• The Holy Shroud is entrusted to the Collegiate Church at Lirey .
• Geoffroy II de Charny petitions the Pope to be allowed to put the Shroud on show. ...
• Pierre d'Arcis, Bishop of Troyes, writes a memorandum stating that the Shroud of Lirey is a fake (a painting). ...
• The Shroud is given to Humbert de Villersexel by the Canons of Lirey. ...
• Death of Humbert de Villersexel ; the canons of Lirey want to recover the Shroud. ...
• Holy Shroud is displayed at Chimay (Principality of Liege) .
• Holy Shroud is displayed at the Chateau de Germolles (near Macon) .
• The Holy Shroud is transferred to Duke Louis de Savoie by Marguerite de Charny, and moved to Chambery .
• The Holy Shroud is exhibited at Vercelli on Good Friday .

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•  Shroud of Turin.
• (Shroud of Lirey - Chambéry - Turin).
• This website  is dedicated to the dissemination of scientific and historical research data apropos the methods and techniques employed in the original manufacture of the Turin Shroud, especially as these pertain to image formation. ...
•  Scientific and Historical Research: The Shroud of Turin.
• Scientific and Historical Research apropos the Turin Shroud.

• SHROUD OF TURIN .
• The Shroud of Turin before June 20th, 2002    .
•   The Shroud of Turin after July 22nd, 2002: During the days as from June 20th, 2002 to July 22nd, 2002, were taken away Shroud patches and also Holland lining sewed on its back - Photo © Arcidiocesi di Torino .
• The Turin Shroud (sindòn in the Gospels' ancient Greek language: it means a funeral cloth, a sheet of the linen and, generally, a sheet, a piece of cloth) - The Holy Shroud for Catholics - is a flax piece of cloth  made by a technique ("thorn of fish" ) in use from five thousand to two thousand years ago in Egypt, in Palestine and in other zones of the Middle East. ...
• The Archbishop pro tempore (that one in loads) of  Turin is the official caretaker of the Shroud. ...
• Shroud has been in Turin since 1578, with a few chance absences, usually for wars, as during the French siege at the town of 1706 and, the last time, during the II worldwide conflict: in 1939 (in forecast also Italy, as it happened in 1940, will enter into war) it was moved, in order to repair it from the bombardments, into the Montevergine Sanctuary, near Avellino. It got back in Turin in 1946. ...
• Shroud of Turin, but all people say simply "the Shroud", is still, partially, a mysterious sheet. ...
• It can be observed also by the photo: on the Shroud there are various spots, whose nature and cause partially, not entirely, are notes. As we will see, for a part of these spots the Shroud is like  a negative film. ...
• It's sure,  by the analyses of experts, invisible deposits of pollens from vegetation of the Middle East, and pollens from flora of the Alps are on the Shroud; moreover,  traces of aloe and myrrh; and of aragonite (it's a calcium carbonate, iron and strontium composition), an earth in Jerusalem and, in particular, in a tomb studied by Prof. Levy-Setti, from Chicago: he, confronting with the aragonite on the Shroud, has concluded that the two earths are exactly equal. ...
• Luigi Baima Bollone from Turin, spots of coagulated blood, group AB, male DNA, are on the Shroud. ...
• Sudario - shroud - of  Oviedo .
• It's curious to know that blood of identical type AB, male, is on the Sudario - shroud - of  Oviedo (Spain), one burlap 83x52 centimeters large - Is it the true Veronica's Handkerchief ?! It may be, but in Rome we find another Veronica's holy relic (?) -. ...  Moreover, it's also interesting the following fact about the rests (holy relics) of the miracle (we know by the tradition)  happened in the century VIII in Lanciano in province of  Chieti, Italy  (a clergyman had doubted of the presence of Christ in the Eucharist, while he was consecrating, and the bread and the wine were transformed in meat and blood); they are 1) coagulated blood, group AB like the one on the Shroud of Turin; 2) human meat of myocardium: analysis was made in 1970 by Prof. ... Instead,  for greater information on the Sudario - shroud - of  Oviedo, you may look for Center Español de Sindonologia, http://www. ...

• UPDATE FOR THE VINLAND MAP AND THE TURIN SHROUD.
• Update for the Vinland Map (Map) and the Turin Shroud (Shroud).
• For nearly 30 years, the Vinland Map and the Shroud of Turin have been objects of contention between those who believe both to be authentic and those who have analyzed them micro-analytically and found both to be fakes. It is time to present a "Shroud"/Vinland Map update. ...
• The situation with the VM now becomes the same as with the Turin "Shroud," another widely known and important relic that unfortunately I and my colleagues also found in the 1970's to be a fake. There we found, by identifying single submicrometer particles as the only colored matter in the "Shroud" image areas, two red pigments and a yellowed watercolor paint medium. The pigments red ochre and vermilion with the collagen tempera medium was a common paint composition during the 14th century; before which, no one had ever heard of the Shroud. ... We decided, based on our particle approach in 1979, that the Shroud was painted in 1355. ...
• Shroud linen was the tablecloth at the last supper.
• These are not intended for problems like VM or the Shroud.
• If a committee of scientists qualified in the physical methods of ultramicro particle analysis were appointed by the Academy, I am absolutely certain they would decide the VM and the Turin "Shroud" are masterpieces of art. If two different groups of presumably good scientists can be so wrong on the VM and the Shroud, what other important projects they work on may also be wrongly concluded. The situation, highlighted by the VM and Turin "Shroud," indicates a very serious problem in science today. Far more serious than either the VM and Shroud or any individual scientist, I hope something can be done to convince scientists to use the proper technique and instruments to solve today's analytical problems.
• Latest Shroud Update.

• Scientists: Relic authenticates Shroud of Turin.
• OVIEDO, Spain -- Scientists and forensic specialists gathered in Oviedo, Spain, this week to examine an obscure relic that many have claimed authenticates the Shroud of Turin -- believed by many to be the burial cloth of Jesus Christ. ...
• The relic, whose dramatic history is intertwined with the Knights Templar, Moors, El Cid, saints and bishops, has been in Spain since 631 A. ...
• Meanwhile, in Turin, Italy, the last pilgrims of the Jubilee Year are winding their way past the Shroud of Turin before the exhibit closes on October 23. ...
• " This head cloth, the sudarium, has become the focus of increasing debates over the validity of the carbon-14 tests on the Shroud of Turin. The carbon-dating tests set the age of the shroud in the 13th century, which would make the Shroud of Turin a pious icon at best, a clever fraud at worst. ...
• However, the scientific community is divided over the shroud dates because -- with the exception of the carbon dating tests -- medical, artistic, forensic and botanical evidence favors the authenticity of the shroud of Turin as the burial cloth of Jesus. ...
• One example of microscopic testing that supports the Shroud as authentic is the 1978 sample of dirt taken from the foot region of the burial linen. ...
• The debate over the authenticity of the Shroud of Turin is elevated by the new discoveries resulting from the studies on the Sudarium of Oviedo. Unlike the Shroud, the Sudarium, which covered the face of Christ for a short time before the body was wrapped in the longer burial cloth, does not carry an image of a man. ... The cloth is impregnated with blood and lymph stains that match the blood type on the Shroud of Turin. ...
• These patterns have been extensively mapped to enable researchers to compare the markings and measurements with those of the Shroud of Turin. These measurements and calculations, digitized videos and other forensic evidence indicate that the Sudarium of Oviedo covered the same head whose image is found on the Shroud of Turin. ...
• There are stains from deep puncture wounds on the portion of the cloth covering the back of the head, consistent with those puncture marks found on the Shroud of Turin, theoretically made by the caplet of thorns. ...
• Alan Whanger, professor emeritus of Duke University, employed his Polarized Image Overlay Technique to study correlations between the Shroud and the Sudarium. ...
• "The only reasonable conclusion," says Mark Guscin, author of "The Oviedo Cloth," "is that the Sudarium of Oviedo covered the same head as that found on the Shroud of Turin. " Guscin, a British scholar whose study is the only English language book on the Sudarium, told WorldNetDaily, "This can be uncomfortable for scientists with a predetermined viewpoint; I mean, the evidence grows that this cloth and the Shroud covered the same tortured man. ...

• Shroud of Turin Topics.
• I think the the truth about the Shroud of Turin is somewhere between the prima facie case that is a medieval fake relic and the ebullient claims of some who stretch science to argue that the images were miraculously induced and thus evidence of the Resurrection. ...
• Once a skeptic about the Shroud, I now think it is an authentic artifact of the burial of Jesus of Nazarethâ ”and therefore the earliest historical document we have about the day that he was crucified. ...
• Iâ ™m not sure what to make of the Shroud after many years of active study about it. I welcome your thoughts on the Shroud. ...
• Plant Images and Pollen Grains on the Shroud .
• Why We May Believe the Shroud is Not Medieval .
• Why We May Think the Shroud is Medieval .
• shroud. ...
• « The Strange Images | Main | Why We May Believe the Shroud is Not Medieval » .
• Why We May Think the Shroud is Medieval.
• One would have thought that any interest in the Shroud of Turin would have quickly abated following the carbon 14 testing in 1988. According to the test results, it was not, as so many believed, the authentic burial Shroud of Jesus. ...
• Nature: The results of radiocarbon measurements at Arizona, Oxford and Zurich yield a calibrated calendar age range with at least 95% confidence for the linen of the Shroud of Turin of AD 1260 - 1390 (rounded down/up to nearest 10 yr). These results therefore provide conclusive evidence that the linen of the Shroud of Turin is mediaeval. ...
• A headline in the New York Times read: â œTest Shows Shroud of Turin to be Fraud. ... One of the radiocarbon dating scientists from Oxford stated on public television: â œWe have shown the Shroud to be a fake. ...

• Ancient Secrets of the Bible - Shroud of Turin: Fraud or Evidence of Christ's Resurrection? DVD.
• The Holy Bible: fact or fiction? Between the covers of the Bible simmer history's most spectacular claims. ...
• Is it the burial cloth that covered Jesus in the tomb? A silent witness of the greatest event in history? Or is it a fraud? An elaborate hoax that has fooled millions for centuries? What secrets does it keep? Now evidence gathered from 44 scientific studies has been weighed - and the chilling truth can be told! .

• Those who believe it is Jesus' shroud point to features on it that seem unique to Jesus' death, including pathological ones.
• Q:What's the significance of the Shroud of Turin? —Ron Lee, Carol Stream, Illinois .
• A:Do we have the very cloth that wrapped Jesus' body when God raised him from the dead? For many Christians, that potential tangible connection to the greatest moment of history drives them to fascination with—even devotion to—the Shroud of Turin. The shroud (pictured here) is a centuries-old piece of linen that measures 14'3" by 3'7". ...
• For one week in Turin, Italy, in 1978, about three dozen researchers and assistants took thousands of photographs and x-rays and collected other data from which they performed a range of nondestructive tests. ...
• Before these tests, Swiss botanist Max Frei had detected several pollens on the shroud that in ancient times were found nearly exclusively in Palestine, even though.
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• History of UGCC.
• 03, 16:34 Copy Of Turin Shroud Returns to Lviv.
•    Copy Of Turin Shroud Returns to Lviv .
• Lviv – On 22 February 2004, the copy of the Shroud of Turin which has been in Ukraine for almost 17 months returned to western Ukrainian Lviv. ...
• The organizers of the shroud’s visit to Ukraine believe it has fully performed its mission of uniting people. ...
• The shroud will be in St. ... Until that time, prayer services will be held and people will have an opportunity to learn about the history of the original Shroud of Turin. ...
• “I think the shroud will help us benefit from the Great Fast Lent , because on the first day of this spiritually important period in the life of a Christian it will arrive in our church,” said Fr. Roman Kravchyk, mitred-archpriest of the UGCC and head of the organizing committee for transporting the shroud to Ukraine. ...
• It is planned that from 18 April to 16 May, the copy of the shroud will be in northwestern Ukrainian Lutsk. ...

• The Shroud of Turin.
• The Shroud of Turin is first an ancient piece of linen cloth. ... In addition, human blood has been discovered on the Shroud, in areas of the body which closely corresponded to the recorded wounds of Jesus. ...
• This bit of cloth has been called the "most studied artifact in human history. ...
• Others are convinced the Shroud is a clever Medieval forgery. ...
• Seconda Pia photographed the first picture of the Shroud and discovered the image on the linen is a natural negative. ...
• In 1978, the Roman Catholic Church allowed a five-day research period on the Shroud. ... Among the findings was: The shroud had come into direct contact with a body and that the blood was most likely human. ... After these tests, even more people believed the shroud was authentic. ...
• Title: The Shroud of Turin.

• The Shroud of Turin--.
• We previously discussed the Shroud of Turin in Innerface Vol. ...
•    Further evidence on this topic has now been revealed in a new publication that also provides a highly detailed coverage of the shroud's history. ...
• showing that enough contaminant could accumulate to alter the shroud dating enormously. ...
•    A history of a shroud bearing an image of Jesus can be traced as far back as 30-50 A. ... " It shows the naked body of Jesus laid out as in the Turin shroud, with four fingers and no thumbs on crossed over hands, right hand on top, and also has a distinctive blood stain showing above the right eye as on the original Turin shroud. ...
•    The shroud at Constantinople disappeared from the history books following the French-led 4th crusade that resulted in the sacking of Constantinople in 1204. ... From there it was moved to Turin in 1578. ...
•    One of the remarkable features of the Turin shroud is what resulted when it was exposed to an image analyzer, called the VP-8. ... When the shroud's image was placed under this machine the result was a 3-D effect in vertical relief!.
• I had never heard of the Shroud of Turin before that moment. ... Only the Shroud of Turin has ever produced those results.
•    To date the only technique that has come anywhere near giving the shroud's 3-D effect with a VP-8 analyzer comes from an experiment carried out by Dr August Accetta, a medical practitioner with much experience in the use of autoradiography in diagnostic medicine. ... The result showed a 3-D effect similar in major details to what was obtained from the Turin shroud but sadly lacking in the fine detail. ...
•    Further evidence that is contrary to the Turin shroud being of medieval and European origin is present on samples taken with small strips of sticky tape pressed against the cloth's surface. This yields copious amounts of plant debris thought to have come from people having placed flowers upon the shroud. ...

• Apparel DVDs Electronics Music Travel Guides Videos Relics: The Shroud of Turin, the True Cross, the Blood of Januarius. ... History, Mysticism, and the Catholic Church.
• This is an easily dramatized subject, and the greatest contribution Cruz makes is to approach the Relics in a scholarly, matter-of-fact style that conveys the history and impact of the Relics without engaging in argument.
• I eventually found her credulity tiring, but not before I had read through the sections on the True Cross, Crown of Thorns, Holy Nails, Holy Sponge, Holy Shroud and Veil of Veronica. ...

• Home : News Shroud of Turin Exhibition Renews False Claims of Authenticity.
• Beginning April 18, for the first time in twenty years, the Shroud of Turin will be on display to the public in Turin, Italy. Despite well-documented forensic and historical evidence to the contrary, the announced viewing has produced renewed claims that the Shroud of Turin is the authentic burial cloth of Jesus.
• The following is a summary of the shroud debate by Joe Nickell, Senior Research Fellow with the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal (CSICOP. ) Nickell is the author of sixteen books on investigation and the paranormal including Inquest on the Shroud of Turin. During the 1980's, Nickell served on a team of scholarly and scientific experts that evaluated the shroud claims and found them to be false. ...
• The Shroud of Turin Controversy.
• For the first time in 20 years, the controversial Shroud of Turin will be placed on exhibit at its home in northern Italy. ... John the Baptist in Turin, but many claims are expected to be made for the cloth by its defenders. ...
• Historically, the Shroud of Turin is one of some forty reputed burial cloths of Jesus, although it is the only one to bear the apparent imprints and bloodstains of a crucified man. Religious critics have long noted that the Turin shroud is incompatible with the bible, which describes multiple burial wrappings, including a separate “napkin” that covered Jesus’ face (John 20:5–7).
• A fake shroud created by Joe Nickell .
• The Turin cloth first appeared in north-central France in the mid-fourteenth century. ... Subsequently, in 1389, Pope Clement VII officially declared the shroud to be only a painted “representation. ...
• Eventually the cloth was transferred to Turin. In 1983 Italy’s exiled king died, bequeathing the shroud to the Vatican.

• Travel Books Travel Video Travel Magazines Cameras Photography Relics: The Shroud of Turin, the True Cross, the Blood of Januarius. ... History, Mysticism, and the Catholic Church.
• This is an easily dramatized subject, and the greatest contribution Cruz makes is to approach the Relics in a scholarly, matter-of-fact style that conveys the history and impact of the Relics without engaging in argument.
• I eventually found her credulity tiring, but not before I had read through the sections on the True Cross, Crown of Thorns, Holy Nails, Holy Sponge, Holy Shroud and Veil of Veronica. ...

• History of the Holy Shroud Guild .
• During his studies he became friendly with an English priest who told him about the Shroud of Turin and suggested a visit to Turin when Father Barry was en route back to the states. Father Barry visited Turin, said Mass at the Shroud altar in the Cathedral and met Comm. Enrie who photographed the Shroud in 1931. Enrie gave Father Barry a set of 3 x 4 glass slides of the shroud pictures. ...
• read an article on the Shroud and became interested. When Father Barry quietly mentioned that he had met Enrie and had slides, Father Wuenschel borrowed the slides and his interest in the Shroud lead to the publication by Father Wuenschel of a lengthy article in 1935 in the American Ecclesiastical Review. ... He corresponded with Enrie and Paul Vignon, who had begun the scientific investigation of the Shroud after Pia Segunda's photograph in 1898. ...
• These articles were the result of extensive research into the Biblical aspect of the Passion according to all four of the Evangelists, burial customs, and the Shroud of Turin. ... The articles were important because they pointed out that there is no necessary contradiction between the Gospel accounts and the Shroud, nor between true historical Jewish burial customs of Christ's time. ...
• to continue his work of making the Shroud known in America. Father Otterbein first became interested in the Shroud when as a student in 1938 Father Wuenschel asked Frater Otterbein to make some photographic copies of the Shroud photographs. Father Wuenschel directed Father Otterbein's doctoral dissertation and when Father Otterbein joined the faculty at Esopus his interest in the Shroud increased by the research of Father Wuenschel, Barry and Hartman. ...
• for permission to become affiliated with the International Center in Turin. ... Hence, Father Sephton requested Francis Cardinal Spellman to canonically erect the Holy Shroud Guild at Esopus, New York. The Guild was then affiliated with the Center in Turin in 1951. ...

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