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• ; under the leadership of Thomas of Cana, a relative of Jesus Christ, accompanied by Mar Joseph, the Bishop of Edessa ( also known as Uraha) with priests and deacons sent by the Syrian patriarch. ...
• They, as Catholics, believe the same truths, profess the same faith, receive the same sacraments, have the same Lord, pray to the same heavenly Father, and are in communion with the Pope, Bishop of Rome, and successor of St. ... As such, the Catholic Bishop of Kottayam is the undisputed leader of the Knanaya Catholic Community, all over the world. ...

• JAKOB von Edessa, Beiname 'Mafshekonoh Dachtobeh (der Bücherausleger), Bischof von Edessa, berühmter syrischer Schriftsteller und Theologe, * um 640 in En-Deba bei Antiochien, + 5. ... 684 wurde er Bischof in Edessa. ... zog sich zuerst in das Jakobuskloster in Kaisum bei Edessa zurück, und lehrte dann 11 Jahre im Eusebonakloster bei Antiochien. ... auf Bitten der Gemeinde von Edessa wieder den dortigen Bischofsstuhl, starb aber bereits 4 Monate danach in Tell'Adda, als er von dort seine Bibliothek nach Edessa bringen lassen wollte. ...
• ; Scholia on passages of the Old Testament, by Mar Jacob, bishop of Edessa, The Syriac text with English translation an notes by Dr. ... Philipps, A Letter by Mar Jacob, Bishop of Edessa, on the Syriac Orthography, London 1869; Briefe, hrsg. ...

•   Home > Catholic Encyclopedia > E > Edessa .
• Edessa.
• The name under which Edessa figures in cuneiform inscriptions is unknown; the native name was Osroe, after some local satrap, this being the Armenian form for Chosroes; it became in Syriac Ourhoï, in Armenian Ourhaï in Arabic Er Roha, commonly Orfa or Urfa, its present name. ... , called it Edessa, in memory of the ancient capital of Macedonia of similar name (now Vodena). ...
• On the foundation of the Kingdom of Osrhoene, Edessa became the capital under the Abgar dynasty. ... It was at first more or less under the protectorate of the Parthians, then of the Romans; the latter even occupied Edessa from 115 to 118 under Trajan, and from 216 to 244, when the kingdom was definitely suppressed to form a Roman province. ...
• The exact date of the introduction of Christianity into Edessa is not known. ... ) In fact, however, the first King of Edessa to embrace the Christian Faith was Abgar IX (c. ... , IV, xiii), but a missionary from Palestine who evangelized Mesopotamia about the middle of the second century, and became the first bishop of Edessa. ... Thenceforth the Church of Edessa, until then under that of Jerusalem, was subject to the metropolitan of Syria. The aforesaid relations with Jerusalem and Antioch caused in important Syriac literary movement at Edessa of which the city long remained the centre. ... Rabbula (Rabulas), Bishop of Edessa (412-35), forbade its use. Among the illustrious disciples of the School of Edessa special mention is due to Bardesanes (154-222), a schoolfellow of Abgar IX, the originator of Christian religious poetry, whose teaching was continued by his son Harmonius and his disciples. ...
• A Christian council was held at Edessa as early as 197 (Euseb. ... Under Roman domination many martyrs suffered at Edessa: Sts. ... In the meanwhile Christian priests from Edessa had evangelized Eastern Mesopotamia and Persia, and established the first Churches in the kingdom of the Sassanides. Atillâtiâ, Bishop of Edessa, assisted at the Council of Nicæa (325). ... ) gives an account of the many sanctuaries at Edessa about 388. ...

• "Jacob of Edessa (c. ...
• 1 It was the aim of this Symposium to bring together students and scholars doing research on Jacob of Edessa. This learned monk and bishop belonged to the first generation of Syrian Christians who grew up under Islamic rule and as such he made a creative and personal contribution to many fields of Syriac tradition.
• One section of the Chronicle, dealing with the history of Edessa when it was an independent kingdom, was the topic of L. ...
• As a tool for further research, Dirk Kruisheer and Lucas Van Rompay have compiled "A Bibliographical Clavis to the Works of Jacob of Edessa", which was submitted to the participants of the Symposium and which, in a slightly expanded version, is published in the present issue of Hugoye.
• Saley's research has now reached its final form and will be published, in the spring of 1998, as: The Samuel Manuscript of Jacob of Edessa. ...
• Kruisheer, "Reconstructing Jacob of Edessa's Scholia", in J. ...

• Brito of Trèves (German, bishop, opponent of Priscillian heresy, d. ...
• Diuma (Scottish, bishop in England, 7th century).
• Eulogius of Edessa (Greek, bishop, opponent of Arian heresy, c. ...
• Geruntius of Milan (Italian, bishop, c. ...
• Jovinian of Auxerre (French, missionary, bishop, martyred c. ...
• Maximus of Jerusalem (Palestinian?, bishop, c. ...
• Nectarius of Vienne (French, bishop, c. ...
• Nicetus of Vienne (French, bishop, c. ...
• Sacerdos of Saguntum (Spanish, bishop, c. ...
• Theodore of Bologna (Italian, bishop, c. ...
• Brito of Trier (German, bishop, opponent of Priscillian heresy, d. ...
• Diuma of Mercia (Scottish, bishop in England, 7th century).
• Eulogius of Edessa (Greek, bishop, opponent of Arian heresy, c. ...
• Geruntius of Milan (Italian, bishop, c. ...
• Jovinian of Auxerre (French, missionary, bishop, martyred c. ...
• Maximus of Jerusalem (Palestinian?, bishop, c. ...

• " He was baptized at the age of eighteen and became a disciple of the famous bishop of Nisibis, St. ... The Christians then abandoned the city and Ephrem retired to a cave in a rocky height overlooking Edessa.
• In Edessa, Ephrem led an austere life, sustained only by a little barley bread and a few vegetables. ...
• (There were ten different heresies thriving in Edessa alone. ...
• About the year 370, he undertook a journey from Edessa to Caesarea in Cappadocia in order to visit St. ... He was ordained a deacon by this saint but refused to become a priest or a bishop.
• The date of his death is given by the Chronicle of Edessa and the best authorities as 373, but some writers have asserted that he lived until 378 or 379.
• Jerome said: "Ephrem, deacon of the church of Edessa, wrote many works in Syriac and became so famous that his writings are publicly read in some churches after the Sacred Scriptures. ...

• When the accusation had been made for these reasons, they first elected as bishop of Alexandria Eusebius who is called the Emesene. ... For he says in the book named for him that Eusebius originated from the nobility of Edessa in Mesopotamia and was studying the holy scriptures from his youth. Later he was educated in Greek literature by a teacher then dwelling at Edessa. ...
• Returning to Antioch, he was living with Flacillus, the successor of Euphronius, and he was chosen for the episcopate of Alexandria by Eusebius bishop of Consantinople. ...
• He belonged to a family of the nobility of Edessa in Osrohene and from his youth was studying the sacred writings according to the custom of his homeland. ...
• He was chosen for the throne of Alexandria by Eusebius bishop of Constantinople. ...
• Then enduring a rebellion (for he was accused of being trained in that part of astronomy they call astrology) he took flight to Laodicea to George the bishop in that place who was then present in the city. ...
• Diodore, the bishop of Tarsus, was especially famous while he was a presbyter at Antioch. ...
• First, the fact that Eusebius was raised as a Christian in the city of Edessa and that his first language was Syriac deserves careful attention, attention that it has not received in the literature on Eusebius. ...
• The bishop of Edessa attends the council.
• Soon afterwards he returns to Antioch and is close with the bishop Flacillus.
• Eusebius appointed bishop of Emesa.
• Paul, bishop of Emesa, is present at the council. ...

• Ibas, bishop of Edessa (c. ...
• He appears first as a presbyter of the church of Edessa during the episcopate of Rabbulas, warmly espousing the theological views which his bishop uncompromisingly opposed. ... The famous theological school of Edessa, of which, according to some accounts, Ibas was head, and to which the Christian youth from Persia and adjacent lands came for education, offered many opportunities for propagating Theodore's beliefs. ... However the church of Edessa was generally favorable to Theodore's teaching, and supported Ibas against their bishop. Ibas attended the council of Ephesus in 431 as a presbyter, was cognizant of Cyril's autocratic conduct, and wrote in 433 the letter to Maris, bishop of Hardaschir in Persia, a letter which later became one of the Three Chapters. Maris had been at Edessa previous to the Nestorian controversy, and Ibas wrote to tell him what had occurred since his visit. ...
• This was distasteful to those who held the strong anti-Nestorian views of their late bishop, and they speedily planned to secure his deposition, by spreading charges against him of openly preaching heretical doctrines. ...
• Although blocked so far, the malcontents at Edessa continued to work against their bishop. Their leaders were four presbyters, Samuel, Cyrus, Eulogius, and Maras, who acted at the instigation of one of Ibas's own suffragans, Uranius, bishop of Himeria, a pronounced Eutychian. While Domnus II, who had in 442 succeeded his uncle John as Patriarch of Antioch, visited Hierapolis for the enthronization of the new bishop Stephen, Ibas' oponents chose that moment for action. Cyrus and Eulogius formally laid before Domnus the accusation against Ibas, signed by about 17 clergy of Edessa, and supported by 30 (ibid. ...
• that he had appropriated a jewelled chalice to his own use; that the wine at the Eucharist was inferior in quality and quantity; the malversation of sums given for the ransom of captives; simoniacal ordinations and the admission of unfit persons to the ministry and episcopate, especially his nephew Daniel, whom he had made bishop of Charrae. ...
• His enemies agreed to withdraw their accusations on lbas promising that he would forget the past, regard his accusers as his children, and remit any fresh difficulty for settlement to Domnus; and that, to avoid suspicion of malversation, the church revenues of Edessa should be administered, like those of Antioch, by oeconomi. ...
• Reports diligently spread in Edessa during his absence of Ibas's heterodoxy made his reception so hostile that he was obliged to leave the town and request the magister militum for a guard to protect him. ... When Chaereas entered Edessa on April 12, 449, to commence the trial, he was met by a mob of abbots and monks and their partisans, clamoring for the immediate expusion and condemnation of Ibas and his followers. ... All Edessa knew that Chaereas had come merely to announce a sentence of condemnation already passed. ...

• 19 Theresa Urbainczyk, Theodoret of Cyrrhus: The Bishop and the Holy Man. ...
• While the main focus of the book is on Theodoret the Bishop's authorial relationship to the various holy men whose lives he describes, Urbainczyk's examination of how Theodoret himself fits within his own work demonstrates that he is in fact not only the bishop but the titular holy man as well. ...
• Theodoret's Antiochene background, especially his education and the question of his first language, is addressed, as are his role as bishop of Cyrrhus and the events surrounding the Councils of Ephesus and Chalcedon. ...
• "This work is a serious political tract, which demonstrates Syria's importance in producing holy men, the church's importance in mediating with them, and Theodoret's unique position as a local bishop who has known some of these remarkable, holy, and miracle-working individuals all his life. ...
• This "less flattering" treatment is at least partly "due to his Hellenistic outlook" but also to Theodoret's being a bishop while the authors of the other two lives of Symeon were the saint's disciples (101). ...
• The main purpose of the chapter is to demonstrate how Theodoret promotes the subjection of the holy man to the bishop, whose position is more difficult and burdened with weightier responsibilities. "Theodoret appears several times in the text in his capacity as bishop, and the encounters all demonstrate in the clearest possible manner that bishops, particularly Theodoret, are natural leaders and guides for these zealous and remarkable but otherworldly and thus naïve ascetics" (116). ... Chapter 12, "The Representation of the Ascetics" (143-7), argues that the depiction of the holy men as passive figures, along with the use of bridegroom imagery, turns them into malleable figures easily controlled by Theodoret the bishop. ...
• Rabbula, Bishop of Edessa (411/2-435), monastic reformer and fiery convert to the Cyrilline cause, was a slightly older contemporary as well as an archenemy of Theodoret. Rabbula's successor, Ibas, an epistolary associate of Theodoret, was condemned at the same time as Theodoret at the "Robber Council" of Ephesus in 449 when a group of archimandrites from Edessa entered the council and begged for his deposition. ...
• Her discussion of the bridegroom imagery and how in feminizing the holy men it also subjects them to Theodoret the bishop shows no awareness of how common bridegroom imagery is in contemporary Christian literature, especially in the Syriac milieu, and fails to engage with the expansive discussion of gender that has occurred in the field. ...

• Ibas, bishop of Edessa (435 - 457), although he repeatedly anathematized Nestorius, indirectly promoted Nestorian Christianity by founding a school in Edessa where the works of Theodore of Mopsuestia, Diodorus of Tarsus, Theodoret, and Nestorius were read and taught. ... The ecclesiastical superior of the whole was the Bishop of Ctesiphon, who had assumed the rank of Catholicos. At the time of the arrival of the Nestorian professors from Edessa, the prelate was Babaeus or Babowai (457 - 484), who appears to have received them with open arms. But Barsauma, having become Bishop of Nisibis, the nearest important city to Edessa, broke with the weak Catholicos, whom he had deposed at a synod in April, 484. ... The Bishop of Nisibis was at all events in high favor with King Peroz, whom Barsauma persuaded that it would be a good thing for the Persian kingdom if the Christians in it were all of a different belief from those of the Empire. ...
• Peroz died soon after having murdered Babowai, and the energetic Bishop of Nisibis had evidently less to hope from his successor, Balash. ... Barsauma opened a school at Nisibis, which became more famous than its parent at Edessa. ...

• JACOB (JAMES) OF EDESSA (Lat. ... The Syriac and Arabic names are derived from the older name for Edessa. ... In 684 or 687 he became bishop of Edessa, but retired after four years; he was too severe for his clergy and burned the canons before the house of the patriarch as useless because not kept. ... On the death of Habib, his successor as bishop of Edessa, he was recalled, but died four months later while transporting his library to the city. ...

• Antioch and Edessa | Arius and Nestorius.
• Jerusalem had the apostle James "the Minor” as first bishop, andwhile not much is kown about the life and career of the other apostles,Peter, after the Council Jerusalem (Acts: 10, 15; Gal: 2:11), apparentlywent to Antioch in order to confirm the nascent church there. Soon after,the Christian faith spread to Ephesus, Edessa (today's Urfa), Alexandria,and Rome.
• A bishop is recorded in the same year.
• When thePersians conquered South Arabia they favored the Nestorians and there wasa bishop of Sanaa as late as 800. ...
• 5- Antioch and Edessa.
• In fact, as early as the second century it considered the ApostlePeter to have been its first bishop. ... The regionof Edessa, in Northern Syria, already teemed with Christians at the endof the second century. In fact, Christianity became the state religionaround the year 200, and while, according to Hitti, Antioch rose to a positionof leadership in the Greek speaking part of Syria, Edessa was getting acorresponding position in the Aramaic (i. ... Around the year 489 the emperor Zenon closed the school of Edessa and itsstudents fled to Persia where they founded instead the school of Nisibiswhich became a Nestorian center.
• And in 451 the Council of Chalcedonadopted a creed which was influenced by the Tome of Pope Leo, a documentprepared by the then bishop of Rome. ...

• The School of Edessa.
• Edessa occupies a singular place in Christendom. ... Pilgrims came to Edessa (the Syrians called the city "Orhay") from Mesopotamia, Persia, and the Far East. ... Edessa is generally regarded as the birthplace of Syriac literature and philosophy. ...
• A favorable geographical location enabled Edessa to achieve early prominence. A north-south road from Armenia bisected Edessa, continuing through Harran and the cities of Syria. An east-west road linked Edessa to Nisibis and points beyond in the Far East with the fords of the Euphrates in the west. ...
• , Edessa fell into the hands of the Parthians and, finally, the Romans in 49 C. ... Although Edessa was proclaimed a colonia in 214 C. ... The coins of Edessa bore legends in Greek. ...
• A Jewish community flourished in both Edessa and Nisibis, and the latter city served as a storehouse for Jewish contributions to the Jerusalem Temple. ... Edessa's residents were similarly engaged in planet worship. ... A Christian church was established at the beginning of the third century; by the fourth century Edessa was acknowledged as the first kingdom to adopt Christianity as its official religion. ...
• Edessa attracted both scholars and controversy. ... Ephraim, Father of the Syrian church at Edessa in the fourth century and author of innumerable hymns, biblical commentaries, and political tracts, as well as a participant in the defense of Nisibis against Persian attack in 350, scholars at Edessa were constantly engaged in deflecting the heresies of Marcion and Mani. ... Ephraim's successor, Rabbula, who became Bishop of Edessa in 411/412, had difficulty sustaining theological unity; at that time, Christianity was divided by the arguments over the natures of Jesus, leading to the creation of the Monophysite and Dyophysite factions. ...

• Hiba of Edessa and Theodoret of Cyrus were the greatest defenders of Nestorius and his teachings, as they were his close relatives. ...
• Hiba, while still a priest and superior of the theological school of Edessa, wrote a letter to Mari bishop of Parsis - Riordashir, who was formerly his colleague in the school of Edessa. ... Raboula of Edessa, calling him "Tyrant" while he included Theodore of Mopuestia among the Fathers of the Church, calling him "The beatific, the preacher of the truth and doctor of the Church, who maintained the true faith, who left in his writings a spiritual arm for the children of the Church, and was not satisfied in guiding his city from error to the truth, but he taught also the far away churches by his writings which are not strange to the true faith". ...
• Theodoret proceeded to Rome where he attracted its bishop Leo to Nestorianism, and made him to issue his famous Tome which is full of Nestorian views. ...

• Gregory had been instructed at Cæsarea in Cappadocia, and was consecrated a bishop by Leontius, archbishop of that city. ... 551; and from this period, at least, their principal bishop, who resided at Etzmiazim, assumed patriarchal authority amongst them, and took the title of Catholic of Armenia.
• Olon, a Romish bishop, who had spent many years in the east, and was well acquainted with the Armenian language and customs. ...
• Nestorius, however, had many followers in Syria, and through the influence of Alexander of Hierapolis, Ibas of Edessa, but above all, by means of the celebrated academy of Edessa, his tenets spread rapidly in the East. ...
• The first of the Nestorian liturgies certainly, from its title, professes to be the apostolical liturgy of Mesopotamia; for, according to the universal tradition of the East, Thaddæus, or Adæus, otherwise called Lebbæus, and Jude, a disciple of our Lord, preached the Gospel at Edessa, and throughout Mesopotamia. ... 196   I cannot, however, concur in the opinion, that the Nestorians preserved the original liturgy of Mesopotamia; because Ephrem Syrus, who lived at Edessa (the very centre of apostolical preaching) considerably before the rise of Nestorianism, gives an account of the liturgy, which is totally at variance with all the Nestorian liturgies. ... 633; while the ancient liturgy of Edessa, as described by Ephrem Syrus, (see the quotation in note 53, p. ...
• CHRISTIANITY appears to have penetrated to India at an early period, as the name of a bishop of the church in "Persia and India" occurs amongst the acts of the general council of Nice, A. ... ) Cosmas, who, about the year 547, wrote a treatise on Christian topography, states that in Taprobana or Ceylon, and Male or Malabar, there were Christian churches; and in Calliana or Calinapore, a bishop who was ordained in Persia. ...

•   Home > Catholic Encyclopedia > J > James of Edessa .
• James of Edessa.
• After his return to Syria he was appointed Bishop of Edessa, about A. ... Equally unable to enforce canonical rules and to connive at their infringement, he resigned his see after a four years' episcopate, and withdrew to the convent of Kaisum (near Samosata), while the more lenient Habhibh succeeded him as Bishop of Edessa. ... Upon Habhibh's death he took possession again of the episcopal See of Edessa, resided in that city for four months, and then went to Tell-Adda to fetch his library and his pupils, but died there. James of Edessa was a Monophysite, as is proved by the prominent part he took in the synod which the Jacobite patriarch Julian convened in 706, and by one of his letters in which he speaks of the orthodox Fathers of Chalcedon as "the Chalcedonian heretics". ... The other principal writings of James of Edessa on Biblical topics are: (1) his unfinished "Hexameron", or work on the six days of creation, which is divided into seven treatises, and which opens with a dialogue between the author and Constantine, one of his disciples. ... As a liturgical author, James of Edessa drew up an anaphora, or liturgy, revised the Liturgy of St. ...

• Ephrem of Edessa, Deacon and Hymn-Writer .
• Ephrem (or Ephren or Ephraim or Ephrain) of Edessa was a teacher, poet, orator, and defender of the Faith. ... ) Edessa (now Urfa), a city in modern Turkey about 100 kilometers from Antioch (now Antakya), was a an early center for the spread of Christian teaching in the East. It is said that in 325 he accompanied his bishop, James of Nisibis, to the Council of Nicea. ...
• Ephrem retired to a cave outside Edessa, where he lived in great simplicity and devoted himself to writing. ...
• by Ephrem of Edessa, translated by John Howard Rhys, adapted and altered by F Bland Tucker, (Episcopal) Hymnbook 1982. ...

• This may be inferred from the name of the Christian quarter that he built, Mahadevarapatnam, at Cranganore, on land that had been given to him and Bishop Joseph of Edessa by Cheraman Perumal. ...
• Thomas of Cana—or his bishop from Edessa, Joseph - can be said to be the founder of the church in Malabar, but within a hundred years of his death it would join itself to the Nestorian Church at Seleucia-Ctesiphon, which in turn was closely linked to the Church of Edessa. ...
• Thomas—Edessa had become their theological stronghold—and Nestorian bishops wholeheartedly promoted his cult in India.
• Thomas religion, and this is attested to by Bishop Jordan, the French Dominican friar who was sent to Quilon by Pope John XXII, in 1330, to convert the Syrians to the Roman creed. ...
• Their nationalistic cult spread northwards among the Jews, to supplant the similar and ancient Greek cult of the Divine Twins, Castor and Pollux, at Edessa. Judas Thomas had visited Edessa after sending his disciple Addai there, to instruct the king in his Nazarene doctrine. ...
• The Nazarene hiearchy of Jerusalem had fled to Edessa prior to the Jewish revolt against Rome in 66 C. ... Paul's Greek—some say Gnostic—ideas were accepted over those of orthodox Judaism, and for the first time in history the appellation "Christian" came into use in Syria, even as the first Christian church was built at Edessa on the ruins of the demolished Greek temple. ... Later, near the end of the second century, the Abgar, Edessa's prince and Bardesaness friend, was baptized a Christian and Edessa became a Christian state.
• But from the beginning of the Christian era to the Arab invasions of the seventh century, Judas Thomas was and remained the central object of worship at Edessa. ...

• July 22: Hieromartyr Pancratius, Bishop of Taormina.
• Born in Antioch, the Apostle Peter, his teacher, installed Pancratius as the Bishop of Taormina in Sicily. ...
• Hieromartyr Cyril, Bishop of Gortyna.
• Theodore, Bishop of Edessa.
• He was born in the city of Edessa of pious parents, who, having an only daughter, fervently prayed to God for the gift of a son. ... Having awakened, Theodore comes out from under the altar and, on demand of the amazed bishop, tells him about his sufferings, prayers to God and about his dream. Having understood from the tale that the prayer of the adolescent is heard, and that he is destined to be a pastor of the Church, the bishop ordered that Theodore be received among the clergy. ... After the death of the bishop of Edessa, Theodore, against his will, occupied his cathedra, enlightening his flock in word and deed. ... Now commemorated together with him are others pleasing to God: two natural brothers, Theodosius, the pillar dweller of Edessa, to whom St. ...

• The earliest evidence for the Old Syriac separate gospels is their use by bishop Aitalaha of Edessa who was bishop of Edessa from AD 323 to AD 345 or 346. ...
• Evidence for the use of the P version first appears at Edessa around AD 411 and so P is thought to date from the late 4th or early 5th century AD. ...
• In about 508 AD, Philoxenus who was bishop of Mabbog is said to have ordered a new revision of P which was afterwards called the Philoxenian, (Ph). ...
• The Harklean, (H) version is a critical revision of P and Ph completed in 616 AD by the Monophysite scholar Thomas of Harkel, who later became a bishop. ...
• of his book, Burkitt proposed, and tried to prove, that the Peshitta NT was a version created by Bishop Rabbula of Edessa, (AD 411- 435) and that the Peshitta displaced the (now lost) Diatessaron gospel harmony.
• Vööbus gathered the extant Greek and Syriac fragments which were written by Rabbula and by examining his gospel quotations, proved that Bishop Rabbula actually used an Old Syriac gospel text like S and C, not the Peshitta. ...
• There is good historical evidence that at least two Monophysite Syrian bishops, Rabbula of Edessa and Theodoret of Cyrrhus were actively promoting the Old Syriac four gospels and destroying the Diatessaron in around AD 425. ...
• We can infer this, because Aitalaha who was bishop of Edessa from AD 323 to 345 or 346 says he was using the separate gospels in a letter he wrote to some Persian Christians. ... The sheer number of copies extant in 425 AD indicates that there was a time, perhaps a time before the days of bishop Aitalaha, when the Diatessaron was used by the Syrian clerics also.

• Christianity in Edessa and the Syriac-Speaking World:.
• Edessa and the Syriac Language.
• During the years when the Severan Dynasty ruled in Rome, Edessa, the ancient Urhay and modern Sanli Urfa,3 was the center of Aramean, or Syriac, literary culture. ... Ross has recently written, "By the end of the century between Trajan (97-117) and Septimius Severus (193-211), the king of Edessa was squarely within Roman clientela, and the groundwork was laid for the even firmer incorporation of his realm into the empire. ...
• Edessa, its capital, was situated about twenty miles beyond the former of those rivers; and the inhabitants, since the time of Alexander, were a mixed race of Greeks, Arabs, Syrians, and Armenians. ...
• 3 See Amir Harrak, "The Ancient Name of Edessa," Journal of Near Eastern Studies 51 (1992), pp. ...
• Ross, Roman Edessa; Politics and Culture on the Eastern Fringes of the Roman Empire, 114-242C E (London &New York: Routledge, 2001), p. ...
• 6 Ross, Roman Edessa, p. ...
• Gibbon here put his finger on a salient fact about life in Edessa, and the Syriac-speaking milieu generally. ...
• In these cross-frontier circumstances, some measure of local identity was preserved in the burgeoning success of the Syriac language; developed in the environs of Edessa, it was spoken and understood on both sides of the indefinite, great divide between Rome and Persia, thereby creating a cross-frontier community. ...
•                      8 See Ernst Kirsten, "Edessa; eine r6mische Grenzstadt des 4. ...
• 12 For it was Christianity that provided the cultural elan that made Syriac much more than just the Aramaic dialect of Edessa. ...
• Christianity in Edessa.
• Modern scholars are divided between supporters of the view that it first appeared among Jews in the kingdom of Adiabene, to the north and east of Osrhoene, who had close ties to Palestine, and those who think that Christianity came first to Edessa, from Antioch. What is clear is that by the time of the Roman emperor Septimius Severus (193-211) there was a large enough community of Christians in Edessa to support a church building in the city. The Chronicle of Edessa records the fact that in the year 201AD the church of the Christians was destroyed by a flood. The same sixth-century chronicle dates the `apostasy' of Marcion to the year 138 AD, and it records the date of Bar Daysan's birth in Edessa in the year 154 AD. 13 Both Marcion and Bar Daysan will figure prominently in the discussion to follow of the first notable Christians of Edessa.

• Holy Metropolis of Edessa, Pella, and Almopia  .
• 582 00 EDESSA   .
• He was elected and ordained as bishop in 1984. ...
• ·       Holy Trinity in Edessa .

• Titular Archbishop of Edessa in Osrhoëne.
• Ordained Bishop.
• Titular Archbishop of Edessa in Osrhoëne.
• a bishop for 10. ...
• Bishop Timoteo Maria Ascensi, O. ...

• Theodoret, bishop of Cyrrhus in Syria (393-c. ...
• Rabbula, bishop of Edessa in Syria (412-435). A convert from paganism, he lived briefly as a monk before his election as bishop. ...
• Ibas, bishop of Edessa (435-457). ...

• Hieromartyr Pancratios, Bishop of Taoromina in Sicily (1st C) .
• Hieromartyr Cyril, Bishop of Gortyna in Crete (3rd-4th C) .
• Saint Theodore, Bishop of Edessa, and those with him (9th C).
• The Hieromartyr Pancratios, Bishop of Taormina, was born when our Lord Jesus Christ yet lived upon the earth. ...
• Pancratios Bishop of Taormina in Sicily. ...
• The Hieromartyr Cyril, Bishop of Gortyna, was bishop at Gortyna on the island of Crete for 50 years. ...
• Copres narrated this Life to the presbyter Ruphinos, who in turn transmitted it to Palladios, Bishop of Hellenopolis, who included the account in his book, the Lausiac History. ...
• Saint Theodore, Bishop of Edessa, was born in the Syrian city of Edessa. ...
• After 12 years of fervent monastic obedience and then another 24 years of full seclusion and great abstinence, the Lord called the valiant ascetic to be a bishop, so that he might enlighten the world. After the death of the Bishop of Edessa, no worthier successor was found than Theodore, and with the mutual consent of the Patriarchs of Antioch and Jerusalem, and of the clergy and laity, this fine man was chosen bishop. ...
• Theodore to forsake his solitude, but he submitted himself to the will of God and undertook his pastoral guidance of the Edessa Church. ... The people beheld a dove, white as snow, flying about beneath the cupola of the church, which then alit upon the head of the newly-made bishop. ...
• Calling on the help of the Lord, the holy bishop threw a bit of earth from the Sepulchre of the Lord into a vessel of water and gave it to the caliph to drink, and the sick one was healed. ...
• Theodore of Edessa was popular reading in Rus during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, and was preserved in many manuscripts. ...

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